Summary of basic knowledge of coal mine safety production

1, total coal mine safety supervision word [2005] No. 133 "major coal mine production safety hazards identified (Trial)" provides gas overrun operation means:

(1) The number of gas inspectors is insufficient; (2) The gas is not inspected according to the regulations, and there is a missed inspection or a false inspection; (3) no measures are taken to continue the operation after the underground gas exceeds the limit.

2. Characteristics of coal mine safety technical training: mandatory, advanced, continuous, and social.

3. Safety management is about safety, for activities related to decision-making, planning, organization and control. The core of safety management is to control accidents.

4. What is the best way to control an accident?

A: The best way to control accidents is to implement accident prevention, that is, through the combination of management and technical means, eliminate hidden dangers, control unsafe behaviors, and protect workers' safety. This is also the essence of "prevention first."

5. Basic principles of safety management?

A: The principle of “safety first, prevention first, comprehensive management”, the principle of “management must be managed in a safe manner”, the principle of “special management, all employees management”, the principle of “security has veto power”, “ Management, equipment, training, and the principle of equal emphasis.

6. The basic principles of safety management are: human-centered principle, system principle, integral separation principle, feedback principle, closed principle, unified principle, elastic principle, dynamic principle,

7. The “three major regulations” are: “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines”, “Operation Regulations” and “Operation Regulations”.

8: “Three violations” are the violations (operations), violations of rules, and violations of labor disciplines that occur or occur in the production and construction of employees of mining enterprises.

9. The production safety guarantees of production and business units mainly include: social security, basic security, and management security.

10. The safety facilities of the new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects of the production and operation units must be “three simultaneous” with the main project: simultaneous design, simultaneous construction, and simultaneous production and use.

11. Special labor protection articles must have “two certificates” and “one number”: product certificate, safety certificate and production license number.

12, accident tracing analysis "four do not let go" principle is: the cause of the accident is not clear, did not take precautionary measures not let go, the party has not been educated not let go, the accident responsible person has not been dealt with.

13. The application for work injury identification shall be submitted: the application form for work injury identification, the certification materials for labor relations (including factual labor relations) with the employer, medical diagnosis certificates or occupational disease diagnosis certificates (or occupational disease diagnosis certificates).

14. The “four-quantity” in safety management work is: full staff, whole process, all-round, all-weather.

15, accidents principles of "five to implement": project staff, responsibilities, time, funds put in place.

16. Rules for entry personnel: The entry personnel must wear a safety helmet and carry a self-rescuer and a miner's lamp with them. It is strictly forbidden to carry tobacco and ignition items. It is strictly forbidden to wear chemical fiber clothes, and it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol before entering the well.

17. The coal mining face must be kept at least two, unimpeded safety exits, one to the return airway and one to the wind tunnel.

18. All safety exits of the fully mechanized mining face must be strengthened within 20 meters of the connection with the roadway. In this range, the fully mechanized mining face of the roadway shall not be less than 1.8 meters, and the other coal mining face shall not be less than 1.6 meters.

19. The roof is controlled by the lap method. After the column is returned, the roof does not fall. When the ceiling distance exceeds the requirements of the operation regulations, coal mining must be stopped, and manual forced roofing or other measures should be taken for treatment.

20. The spatial state of coal seams in the earth's crust is called the occurrence of coal seams. Coal seam production is usually expressed by three elements: the trend, inclination and inclination of the coal seam.

21. Mine development methods are divided into: inclined shaft development, vertical shaft development, flat development and comprehensive development.

22. Mine roadways are divided into: exploiting roadways, preparing roadways, and mining roadways according to their use in production.

23. The coal mining process consists of five processes: coal breaking, coal loading, coal transportation, support, and goaf treatment.

24. The matters that should be paid attention to during the operation of electric drill can be summarized as “three essentials, four diligences, and one concentration”: “three essentials” means that one should be stable, two should be uniform, and three should be accurate. "Four Qin" means to be diligent, to be diligent, to be diligent, and to be diligent. "One concentration" means that the thoughts are focused on the eyes and always pay attention to safe operation.

25, coal mining face scraper conveyor must be installed to send a stop and start signal device, the signal point spacing should not exceed 15 meters.

26. When the dip angle of the fully mechanized mining face is greater than 15°, the hydraulic support adopts anti-fall and anti-skid measures. When the angle of inclination is greater than 25°, measures must be taken to prevent the coal squeegee from scraping the conveyor.

27. The fully mechanized mining face strictly controls the mining height. It is strictly forbidden that the mining height is greater than the maximum supporting height of the bracket. When the coal seam is thinner, the mining height shall not be less than the minimum supporting height of the bracket.

28. When the mining height of the fully mechanized mining face exceeds 3 meters, the hydraulic support must have a guard plate.

29. When the crusher is installed in the fully mechanized mining face transfer machine, there must be safety protection devices.

30. The use of fully mechanized top coal caving mining face must comply with: no coal (rock) and gas (carbon dioxide) outstanding hazard. The top plate and the coal seam roof can be slid with the coal release or can be slid in time after the pre-cracking blasting measures are taken, and the height of the goaf filled in the roof is greater than the height of the coal.

31. The common roof accidents in the coal mining face are: the film to help the accident, the local roof accident, and the large-area roofing accident.

32. When the mining area ends to withdraw equipment: special measures must be made to strengthen ventilation, gas and fire management.

33. The scraper transporter is strictly forbidden to take passengers. When transporting materials, there must be safety measures to prevent the top and the top.

34. In the previous class when the coal mining face with the impact of pressure on the coal seam is stopped for more than 3 days, the risk level of the impact pressure should be identified and the corresponding safety measures should be taken.

35. When the coal mining face passes through the fault, it is necessary to play shallow eyes, less charge, and trotting when dealing with the fault.

36. The Standard for Coal Safety and Quality Standards stipulates that the initial support force of the hydraulic support shall not be less than 80% of the specified value.

37. The coal conveyor face scraper conveyor is strictly forbidden to take passengers. When transporting materials with the scraper conveyor, there must be safety measures to prevent the top and the top.

38. The shearer must be equipped with a locking device that stops the operation of the working face scraper conveyor.

39. The “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines” stipulates that when digging into the roadway and diverticulum, it is necessary to use the wet drilling method in the mining area, flush the well wall, the water cannon mud, the blasting spray, the rock (coal) watering, the purification air flow and other comprehensive dustproof. Measures.

40. When anchoring the bolt eye with bolts, anchor sprays, etc., before hitting the anchor, you must first knock the top of the anchor and dispose of the live cockroaches before working safely.

41. When excavating the old road, the roadway must be developed to detect the safety measures of the old air, and the measures should be taken according to the proven conditions. When exposing the old air, the personnel must be evacuated to a safe place. Only after inspection can prove that the water, gas and other harmful gases in the old air are not in danger before returning to work.

42. The “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines” stipulates that the air temperature at the mining face shall not exceed 26 degrees.

43. When the roadway is drilled, the comprehensive mechanized roadway is 50 meters apart, and the other roadways are 20 meters apart. It is necessary to stop a work surface.

44. The signs before the head of the tunneling face are: sound, piece help, drop, crack, delamination, leaking top.

45. Before using the rock (coal) machine to install rock (coal), it is necessary to sprinkle water on the vermiculite or coal pile and flush the top of the roadway. There must be lighting on the rock (coal) machine.

46. ​​In the quality standardization management, the mining civilized production standard is divided into ten items. Among them, the top board management item summarizes four small items. The content is: the top working distance of the driving work surface meets the regulations. Empty top work is strictly prohibited. The shed support roadway must use tie rods or struts, and the anti-retracting reinforcement measures must be taken within 10 meters of the blasting face. There is no air and empty roof in the roadway, and the roadway can be handled in time.

48. When the inclined shaft (lane) is also used as a sidewalk during construction, it is necessary to set a dodge hole and set a red light every 40 meters.

49. The “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines” made the following provisions for the intersections of wells and lanes: road signs must be set up to indicate the location, and the name should be directed to the safe exit direction. The underground workers must be familiar with the route to the safe exit.

50. Each production mine must have at least 2 safety exits accessible to pedestrians, and the distance between each exit must not be less than 30 meters.

51. “One shot and three inspection system” means that the gas concentration within 20 meters of the blasting site must be checked before, before, and after blasting. If the gas concentration reaches 1% or above, it is strictly forbidden to charge and release the gun.

52. “Three-person chain release system” means that before the shooting, the blaster will hand over the warning sign to the team leader after checking the connection work. The team leader personally sends a special person to guard and check the roof, bracket and tool equipment. After checking the number of people, after confirming the correctness, the blasting order card will be handed over to the gas inspector. After the gas inspector checks the gas and coal dust concentration, the blasting card carried by him will be handed over to the blaster, and the blaster will blow the blast and blast. The last three cards are returned to the original owner.

53. The center line of the roadway is the baseline of the tunneling direction; the waistline is the baseline indicating the slope of the roadway.

54. The blastholes of the heading face can be divided into the groin, the auxiliary eye and the peripheral eye.

55. The basic forms of roadway support are: shed support, raft support and anchor spray support.

56. Safety precautions for shed support are as follows: (1) The class and team leader should be responsible for command and coordination of the shed work. (2) Strictly implement the knock-on top system. (3) The quality of the work site support must be checked. (4) Temporary support such as metal front probes must be used, and empty top work is strictly prohibited. (5) Pay attention to the safety of operation and ensure the construction quality.

57. “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines” The requirements for rubber cables for mining mining machinery in mining face are: protection must be strictly protected to avoid water flooding, impact, extrusion and filming. Each class must be inspected, found to be damaged, and disposed of in a timely manner.

58. The impact ground pressure is the coal rock mass around the mine roadway or working face. The dynamic phenomenon characterized by sudden, sharp and violent destruction due to the instantaneous release of elastic deformation energy is a special manifestation of mine pressure. It is one of the major disasters in coal mines. It has the following characteristics: suddenness, diversity, destructiveness, and complexity.

59. How to deal with local roof accidents?

Answer: 1. Firstly strengthen the intact brackets before and after the landing area to ensure smooth retreat; 2. Move the eye to seal the roof in time; 3. Use the anchor spray to support the roof area.

60, how to do a good job in roof management?

Answer: 1. Before construction, first check the thickness of the top coal to ensure that the thickness of the coal skin is about 1.0 m;

2. When the top coal false roof is stable, the maximum control distance does not exceed 1.2m; 3. When the top coal roof is seen in the old empty area, the maximum control distance does not exceed 0.7m and the gallows are sealed in time, and the frame eye must be attached to the top. Cannons can be placed on the top of the cannon, and the amount of other charges. 4. Reinforce the shed under the roof of the roof.

61. The comprehensive anti-shock measures of the “five in one” of Yuejin Mine are: “predictive forecasting, pressure relief, effect check, personal protection and employee training.”

62. The most common causes of electrical fires and explosions are: the heat of the current and the spark or arc.

63. The “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines” stipulates that the rated voltage of the remote control line should not exceed 36 volts.

64. When the shearer stops working or is inspected, the power supply must be cut off, the disconnector of the magnetic starter should be opened, and the working surface slipper should be blocked.

65. Wind power blocking is to turn off the local fan switch and the power supply to the working surface. When the wind is stopped, the power is cut off, and the air can be sent after the air is supplied.

66. Gas electric lock is to interlock the power-off function of the gas monitoring system with the power supply switch of the working surface, so that the gas exceeds the limit and the power is cut off. When the gas concentration reaches the specified value, the power can be sent, which is called “gas electric lock”.

67. "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" for mine drainage pump capacity requirements: should be able to discharge the normal water inflow within 24 hours of the mine within 20 hours, the total capacity of the standby pump (plus the work pump) should be able to discharge the mine within 20 hours The maximum amount of water in 24 hours. The pump installed underground must be in good condition.

68. The “three major protections” for underground low-voltage power supply are: overcurrent protection, grounding protection, and leakage protection.

69. The “three noes” that should be achieved by all power supply are: no chicken claws, sheep tails, and clear joints.

"Four" for full power supply: overcurrent and leakage protection, screws and spring washers, seals and baffles, and grounding devices.

The "two-in-one" should be done for all power supply: the cable is hung neatly and the equipment is bright and tidy.

The "three full" that should be achieved by all power supply: the protection device, the insulation equipment, and the drawings and materials.

"Three adherences" should be achieved by all power supply: adhere to the use of leakage relays, adhere to the use of coal electric drills, lighting signal comprehensive insurance, adhere to the use of gas electric lock, wind power lock.

70. "Three specialties" in low-voltage power supply systems: special transformers, special cables, special switches.

Two locks: gas electric lock and wind power lock.

71. How should an electrical fire be saved? What should you pay attention to in the underground?

A: The power should be cut off first and then extinguished. Before the power is cut off, only use non-conductive fire-fighting equipment to carry out the fire, and should maintain a safe distance of not less than 1 meter. Pay special attention to the gas generated during the fire to avoid suffocation and poisoning.

72. The air temperature of the underground electromechanical chamber of the mine shall not exceed 30 degrees.

73. The “three rates” of mechanical and electrical equipment are: equipment integrity rate, repair rate, and accident rate.

74. When the current through the human body reaches 30 mA, it can be fatal.

75. Explosion-proof electrical equipment should be inspected for product certification, explosion-proof certificate, safety mark and safety performance of coal mining products before entering the well. After passing the inspection and issuing the certificate, the vehicle is allowed to enter the well.

76. What is explosion-proof electrical equipment?

Answer: Electrical equipment designed and manufactured according to the conditions stipulated by national standards without causing explosion of explosive mixtures around it is called explosion-proof electrical equipment.

77. Protective earthing is to introduce the dangerous voltage to the ground that may be presented in the event of a fault, and introduce it into the earth through the grounding device to protect the person from injury.

78. When the high-voltage wire is broken off the ground, the wire breaks within 20 meters, and no personnel are allowed to enter.

79. The maintenance of mechanical and electrical equipment should be “five without leaking”. The specific content is: no air leakage, no leakage, no oil leakage, no water leakage, no air leakage.

80. There are several low-voltage power supply voltages in the underground. Where are they used?

A: There are 1140V, 660V, 380V used as power supplies for power equipment such as electric motors. There are 127V for lighting, signal and coal drill power supplies. There is 36V for the control power supply.

81. What are the requirements for operating downhole electrical equipment?

Answer: 1. Non-professionals or on-duty personnel are not allowed to operate electrical equipment without authorization. 2. When operating the main circuit of high-voltage equipment, the operator must wear insulated gloves and wear electrical insulation boots or stand on the insulation platform. 3. The operating handle of the hand-held electrical equipment and the parts of the work center that must be in contact must be well insulated.

82. Which high-voltage control equipment for underground high-voltage motors and power transformers should be equipped with those protections?

Answer: The high-voltage control equipment of the downhole high-voltage motor and power transformer should be equipped with protection: short circuit, overload, grounding and undervoltage release protection.

83. What are the regulations between cable suspension and pipe laying?

A: Cables should not be hung on wind pipes or water pipes and should not be exposed to water. It is strictly forbidden to hang any objects on the cable. When the cable is laid on the same side of the roadway as the pressure air pipe and the water supply pipe, it must be laid above the pipe and kept at a distance of more than 0.3 meters.

84. The braking distance of the coal mine underground electric vehicle is measured at least once a year. The material should not exceed 40m when transporting materials, and must not exceed 20m when transporting personnel.

85. What are the regulations that human carts must follow?

Answer: (1) Only one car can be pushed at a time. Do not push the cart on both sides of the mine car. The distance between the same carts shall not be less than 10 m when the slope of the track is less than or equal to 5 ;; and shall not be less than 30 m when the slope is greater than 5 .. (2) The front of the cart must be noted. When you start to cart, park, get out of the way, find someone or obstacles in front of you, down the cart from a steep slope, and close to the exit of the ballast, corner, roadway, damper, and diverticulum, the cart must be timely Issue a siren. (3) It is strictly forbidden to fly. When the roadway slope is greater than 7‰, the manual cart is strictly prohibited. (4) Do not park the vehicle on a ramp that can slide on its own. When parking is required, the vehicle must be secured with a reliable brake. (5) When the motor vehicle cart is in the cart, it must be approved by the transport dispatching station.

86. When the inclined shaft transportation is upgraded, it is strictly forbidden to hook, pedestrians, insist on driving without pedestrians, pedestrians do not drive the system.

87. The inclined shaft (alley) transportation lifting must be set to a third gear and kept in good condition.

88. Small winches used in coal mines must be equipped with four pressures and two slings.

89. When transporting by belt, the drive roller anti-skid protection, coal protection and anti-running protection must be installed.

90. When transporting by belt, temperature protection, smoke alarm and automatic sprinkler must be installed.

91. When the inclined shaft is used to lift the transportation materials, the hook workers must check the number of tractors and the connection and loading of each vehicle before driving.

92. The bridge should be set up across the belt conveyor in the belt transportation lane.

93. Belt conveyors used in inclined shafts must be equipped with anti-reverse devices and braking devices at the same time. Brakes must be installed when transporting.

94. The belt conveyor installed in the main roadway must be equipped with a conveyor belt tension reduction protection device and a tear protection device.

95. When using personnel to transport personnel, what are the rules?

Answer: (1) Before each shift, check the connection device, axle and brake of each vehicle. (2) It is strictly forbidden to transport explosive, flammable or corrosive articles or attached material vehicles at the same time. (3) The train speed must not exceed 4m/s. (4) There should be lighting at the upper and lower places of the personnel. The overhead line must be equipped with a sectional switch or an automatic stop power switch. When the personnel gets on and off the vehicle, the overhead line power of the section must be cut off. (5) The double-track roadway must be equipped with a signal interval to lock the door. When the personnel gets on and off the vehicle, other vehicles are strictly prohibited from entering the bus.

96. Balanced wire rope, anti-dropping brake rope (including buffer rope), overhead passenger wire rope, traction belt conveyor wire rope and wellbore suspension wire rope must be inspected at least once a week.

97. The main reasons for the inclined shaft sports car are: the broken parts of the connecting piece, the pinning, the broken pin, the broken rope, the hooking of the hook, the common brake of the winch and the failure of the safety brake.

98. The coal conveyor face scraper conveyor must be equipped with a signal device that can stop and start, and the distance between the signal points should not exceed 15 meters.

99. The coal mining face scraper conveyor is strictly forbidden to take passengers. When transporting materials with the scraper conveyor, there must be safety measures to prevent the top and the top.

100. The shearer must be equipped with a locking device that stops the operation of the working face scraper conveyor.

101. The clearance between the brake shoe of the winch disc brake and the brake disc should be no more than 2mm.

102. What is the task of mine ventilation?

Answer: (1) supply enough fresh air to the well; (2) dilute and discharge harmful gases and dust; (3) provide suitable climatic conditions.

103. When the volume of accumulated gas in the working face and other roadways is greater than 0.5m3 and the accumulated gas concentration reaches 2%, the work must be stopped within 20m. The personnel should be evacuated and the power supply should be cut off.

104. When the gas concentration in the return air passage of the mining area and the return air flow in the return working face exceeds 1% or the carbon dioxide concentration exceeds 1.5%, the work must be stopped and the evacuated personnel take measures to deal with it.

105. The “five winds” that must not be destroyed in accordance with the “Safety Regulations for Coal Mines” are: series wind, circulating wind, use old pond ventilation, no wind, breeze.

106. In the airflow of the mining face, the gas concentration should reach 1%, and it is necessary to stop using the electric drill to drill the eye; when the gas concentration in the wind flow within 20m near the shooting site reaches 1%, it is strictly prohibited to shoot.

107. What are the three conditions for a gas explosion?

Answer: First, the gas concentration reaches 5%-16%; second, the ignition source temperature reaches 650-750 degrees; third, the air oxygen concentration is greater than 12 degrees.

108. What are the hazards of mine gas explosion?

Answer: 1. The explosion produces high temperatures. 2. The explosion produced a powerful impact. 3. The explosion produces a lot of harmful gases.

109. Temporary stoppages must not stop the wind; otherwise, the power supply must be cut off, fences should be set up, warning signs should be revealed, personnel should be prohibited from entering, and report to the dispatching room.

110. What are the measures to prevent gas accumulation?

Answer: (1) Strengthen ventilation. (2) Strengthen gas inspection. (3) It is necessary to timely deal with the local accumulation of gas.

111. What are the measures to prevent gas explosion?

Answer: 1. Prevent gas accumulation. 2. Eliminate the ignition source. 3. Measures to limit the expansion of gas explosion accidents. There are two specific aspects: explosion-proof and explosion prevention.

112. Technical measures for preventing coal dust explosion can be divided into three categories: dust prevention measures, explosion-proof measures, and explosion-proof measures.

113. Main points of mine dust prevention measures: ventilation, dust removal, wet operation, and purification of wind flow.

114. Wet operation refers to: wet rock drilling, wet drilling, dusting, dust, spray, dust, and water cannon.

115. The basic principle of preventing mine fires is: prevention and fire protection.

116. What are the preventive measures for external fires?

Answer: 1. Eliminate the source of fire. 2. Set the fire door. 3. Set fire equipment and fire extinguishing equipment. 4. Set up a fire water supply system.

117. What are the direct fire extinguishing methods?

Answer: Use water to extinguish fire, use sand or rock powder to extinguish fire, use chemical fire extinguisher to extinguish fire, and remove fire source. <, /P>

118. One pass for “one pass and three defenses” refers to ventilation, and three prevention refers to prevention and control of gas, dust control and fire prevention.

119. It is strictly forbidden to use more than 3 (including 3) local fans to supply air to a tunneling face at the same time.

120. The maximum allowable concentration of carbon monoxide in the well is 0.0024%.

121. Comprehensive dust-proof measures for driving face include: ventilation and dust removal, wet drilling, spray watering, water cannon mud and blasting spray, purifying wind flow, flushing well wall and roadway, wet dust removal fan, and personal protection.

122. The three principles that must be implemented to discharge gas are: evacuation, power cuts, and limits.

123. The mine water source can be divided into ground water source and groundwater source. The ground water source has atmospheric precipitation, surface water, etc.; groundwater has aquifer water, fault water, old air and so on.

124. The surface water prevention can be summarized into four words: sparse, preventive, platoon, and storage.

125. The signs of water-permeable accidents include: hanging sweat, hanging red, air getting cold, fog, water, roof watering, roof pressure, floor bulging, water color, odor, and harmful gas on working surface Water seepage occurs in the crack.

126. Workers working under dangerous coal seams with impacted ground pressure must receive education on the basic knowledge of prevention and control of ground pressure, familiar with the causes, conditions and symptoms of emergency ground pressure and emergency measures.

127. The methods of artificial respiration and restoring heartbeat commonly used in on-site first-aid are: mouth-to-mouth insufflation method, supine-pressure chest method, supine pressure back method, and chest external heart extrusion method.

128. Classes, team leaders and workers should master the on-site first aid technology?

A: First-aid knowledge such as unobstructed airway, artificial respiration, hemostasis dressing, fracture fixation and handling.

129. What should each well-known person know about?

A: Familiar with the disaster prevention and treatment plan of the mine; familiar with the mine's disaster avoidance route and safety exit; master the disaster avoidance method, will use the self-rescuer; master the basic methods of rescue the wounded and the first-aid operation technology.

130. The action criteria of the on-site personnel in the event of an accident are: timely reporting of the disaster, active rescue, safe evacuation, and proper evacuation.

Fall off.

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