There are several methods for measuring soil moisture: Sampling period: Sampling period according to the provisions of April-October 8 every month sampling once every 1 reported, the interval between the 10d; Sampling instrument: Sampling instrument should choose a common one, and the observation instrument should maintain relative stability, can not easily change the observation instrument, and pay attention to maintenance and maintenance; The soil sample should be taken: the soil sample should be sampled repeatedly at different depths in the same place for 3 times. Take about 30-50g each time. The residual soil in the net box should be removed before the soil sample is loaded into the aluminum box. The soil sample should be tightly closed in the aluminum box. Cover and wipe the soil outside the box with a cloth to ensure the accuracy of the soil sample. Put the aluminum box into a plastic bag to avoid sunlight exposure and send it to the room for weighing. Soil Sample Weighing: The soil sample is weighed using a 1% scale. The soil sample must be fully weighed 1 time and must not be separated or discarded. The weighing method is the same as the weighing of the sediment. Soil sample drying: remove the lid from the soil sample and put it into the oven, and then turn off the oven power at 10-110 for 6-8h. After cooling, remove the lid and place it in the desiccator to cool it to room temperature. Weigh again. The monitoring of soil moisture and drought has its significance. The use of instruments to control the use of lyrical and drought conditions is more difficult because real-time performance cannot be achieved using conventional methods. Drought management system and soil moisture monitoring system. Soil moisture and drought conditions are long-term follow-up measurements. Therefore, soil moisture and drought management systems are used to conduct periodic data collection and data transmission during inspections. This facilitates understanding of the changes in drought conditions and drought conditions. Monitoring has a certain guiding significance for us, mainly in the following three aspects: 1. To provide basis for the development of anti-drought measures. Through the monitoring of soil moisture and early-sensation in Nongchuan County, it can provide government departments with effective basic data and information, and provide strong scientific basis and technical support for structural decline, macro-level decision-making, guidance and organization of agricultural production. According to the characteristics of the climate in northern China in the past, the shortage of precipitation, uneven distribution of precipitation, frequent early catastrophes, and the early spring and early autumn development in some regions have caused early catastrophes in successive years, and the authorities in charge of various regions can use different years according to different years. Judge the situation of the early disaster situation and adjust the layout of agricultural production; 2. Provide the basis for the implementation of agricultural technology. In agricultural production, the selection of varieties, irrigation time, control of irrigation water quantity, statistics on the number of anti-early days, etc., and whether the soil moisture conditions in spring sowing are insufficient, whether it is necessary to adopt anti-early water or other measures to protect the soil; This limitation will result from the establishment of a fertilization system. All the data should be based on monitoring data of farmland soil moisture and drought, and provide basis for early disaster reduction, safe production, and scientific farming; 3. Provide a basis for the evaluation of the effectiveness of water resources utilization in agricultural technology. Through the monitoring and research on the law of soil moisture change, it is possible to evaluate the production efficiency and development prospects of different technology models, and to contribute to the selection of efficient agricultural water-saving technologies, improve the efficiency of water resources utilization, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture. With the development of China's agriculture and the implementation of the Western Development Strategy, the research and development of high-efficiency, low-consumption, water-saving technologies and corresponding planting techniques for early-response disaster reduction will surely become the focus of attention of various departments. Public opinion monitoring is the most important basic work for the rational use of water resources, scientific management of water resources, and decision-making for drought relief. The real-time soil moisture monitoring system collects information on the moisture content of dry farming and animal husbandry, collects information on agricultural and environmental droughts, provides guidance to the government and the water management department on agricultural and pastoral irrigation, analyzes the formation and distribution of drought, and provides accurate information on decision-making on drought and disaster relief. To make scientific decisions in order to promptly provide water to the irrigation areas with suitable conditions, or take artificial rain measures to supplement the farmland with water, in order to increase the output of crops and increase the income of farmers, and the observation of public opinion is also the development of the hydrology industry in Gansu Province. Provide more services for the community. We
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