Mineral processing laboratory flotation process

The choice of flotation process depends mainly on the nature of the ore and the quality of the concentrate. The ore properties are mainly: ore grade and material composition: the embedding characteristics and symbiotic relationship of useful minerals in the ore: the muddy condition of the ore in the grinding process: the physical and chemical properties of the mineral. In addition, in the selection of plants with good scale and technical and economic conditions, in order to obtain better technical and economic effects, a more complicated flotation process can be adopted. It should be noted that sometimes a variety of useful minerals are closely symbiotic. When this complex for ore flotation process can not be a single integrated maximize recovery of useful components, often must use of combination with other flotation beneficiation process or metallurgical methods.

When selecting a flotation process, you must determine the principle flow of the flotation and the internal structure of the flotation process.

The task of selecting the flotation principle process is to solve the problem of the number of segments in the flotation process and the flotation order of useful minerals. In practice, the number of segments is divided by the number of module segments and the flotation operation. Generally, it can be divided into a flotation process and a stage grinding phase selection process. Grinding the ore once to the required particle size, and then flotation to obtain the flotation process of the final concentrate, called a flotation process: where no space can be a segment or continuous extreme. The stage grinding and stage flotation are based on the order of coarse and fine, and the useful minerals of different inlay sizes are dissociated by grinding and segmentation, and the process of dissolving the useful minerals by segmentation is selected one by one. Stage grinding and stage flotation process can be divided into three cases: (1) tailings grinding re-election process. (2) The process of re-grinding the coarse concentrate. (3) The process of re-grinding and re-selecting the mine.

Ores, such as the principle of the flotation process sulphides ore containing copper, lead, zinc, can be divided into: direct flotation processes are sequentially floated variety of useful mineral flotation process, called flotation Process. The characteristics of the process can adapt to the change of ore grade, have higher flexibility, and are suitable for the original sulfide ore with higher ore grade, such as the flotation process of Xilin, Xiangkou and Lechang lead-zinc ore dressing plants in China.

The mixed flotation process first floats all the useful minerals in the ore together to obtain a mixed concentrate, and then separates the mixed concentrates into a variety of useful minerals, called a hybrid flotation process: this process adapts to the meta-frame The total content of medium sulfide minerals is not high, the symbiotic bonds between sulfide minerals are complex, the structure is complex, and the ore with fine grain size is embedded. It can simplify the process and reduce the excessive pulverization of minerals, thus facilitating sorting. A lead-zinc ore dressing plant adopts this process and obtains a higher index than the wired flotation process. The lead concentrate is increased by 10%, the zinc concentrate grade is increased by 4.5%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of ore is increased from 75.4% to 83.7. %, labor productivity doubled, my Qingchengzi lead and zinc processing plant, small iron copper mine processing plant production processes also belongs to this category.

Part of the mixed flotation process first floats the two useful minerals in the ore together to obtain a mixed concentrate, and then separates the concentrate into a single concentrate, called the departmental mixed flotation process. This is the most widely used process in production. When the grade of copper, molybdenum , copper, lead, copper and zinc, lead and zinc in the ore is low, it is often economical to use such a process. China's Taolin, Hengren, Tianbaoshan, Heshan, Zhanggongling, Bajiazi and other copper and lead And zinc is selected to use such a process.

The floatable flotation process is based on the floatability of minerals in the ore, and the flotation is good, the medium and the poor minerals are selected in turn, and then the mixed concentrates are sorted out and useful. The process of minerals, called the flotation flotation process, such as China's Huangshaping lead and zinc plant, the former Soviet Union, the process of the Zizekaz dry copper lead plant belongs to this category.

In order to adapt to the trend of ore turning to lean, fine and miscellaneous, most of the selected flotation processes in the world are developing. While ensuring high numbers and quality indicators, the comprehensive utilization of ore is regarded as a reform process. The focus of the process. The development of process results mainly includes the following aspects:

(1) The stage grinding process is valued. Because it can promote the production of new lean deposits and make use of the medium and low grade ore of the mined mines, it will play an active role in expanding the raw material base of the copper and molybdenum industry.

1 Process, equipment and design are not only complicated, but due to closed-circuit regulation, automatic control is guaranteed and production is stable:

2 In each ore dressing stage, the control of grinding and flotation, as well as the adjustment of conditional mineral grain size, slurry concentration, pharmaceutical system, treatment time, etc. are very favorable and unique:

3 The first stage of the beneficiation mill and the flotation machine have high productivity, lowest investment and operating expenses, and high process indicators:

4 The large amount of waste tailings discharged during the production process has a coarse particle size and is easy to stack. It can then be used in construction and other industries, and can also be used as a filling material for underground mining.

The above is very important for the economic efficiency and production stability of the plant.

(2) Separation-level flotation and intermediate flotation, fractionation-level flotation and sediment sorting processes, in order to recover fine-grained minerals with fine-grained, easily muddy, and mud-rich ore The lower limit, reduce the interference of the slime, rational use of drugs, etc., the fractionation-level flotation and the mud and sand sorting process are applied and developed as a new process to improve the sorting efficiency, all after the mud sand sorting process, the process index Greatly improved.

The intermediate flotation in the middle flotation using coarse grinding conditions is an effective measure to reduce the mineral mud of the monomer dissociation state. Production practice has found that in the coarse fraction of the useful minerals after coarse grinding, the monomer dissociation is not able to overflow with the cyclone into the flotation circuit due to its coarse particle size, but it needs to be floated before flotation. Re-grinding, for this design intermediate review in time to recover the dissociated coarse ore particles, and the tailings are sent to the classification operation or return to the grinding, so the over-grinding phenomenon is obviously reduced, and the loss of useful minerals in the fine particles is reduced. In the barrel type, the average particle size of the final concentrate is increased, which helps to filter and reduce the moisture of the filter cake. In recent years, the intermediate flotation process will be improved and used.

(3) Branch flotation process It has a lower ore grade ore. It can improve the original ore grade by itself: the difficult choice in the pulp, the fine fraction can be carried as the carrier of the former flotation product: it can also reduce the drug consumption by means of the remaining medicament in a foam product. These advantages are considered It is a good condition for improving the mineral processing index.

(4) Pre-selection of heavy medium----Flotation process Pre-selection of heavy medium before flotation of lead-zinc ore can greatly reduce tailing, improve the grade of ore, and ensure or improve metal recovery in the case of gradually decreasing ore grade. rate. Pre-selection of heavy medium for lead-zinc ore----Flotation process is increasingly widely used. After pre-selection of heavy ore by raw ore, the middle product and fine-grain grade ore are treated separately, which improves the metal recovery rate by 2~2.5%, and also reduces The processing cost. In addition, the sulphide ore, oxidized ore, and mixed lead-zinc ore dressing plants have successfully adopted the heavy medium pre-selection process.

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