Agricultural small water pump common faults and maintenance adjustment methods

The small agricultural water pump is the main irrigation and drainage machine for water used in rural areas and spring and summer sowing. In operation, failure and damage are unavoidable, so that normal pumping cannot be performed. Therefore, the poor pumping pump must be repaired and adjusted to eliminate the trouble in time.

Unable to start

First of all, the power supply should be checked: whether the connector connection is firm; whether the switch contact is tight; whether the fuse is blown; whether the three-phase power supply is equal or not. If there is a broken circuit, poor contact, blown fuse, or lack of phase, the cause should be identified and repaired in a timely manner. Second, check whether the pump itself is a mechanical failure. The common causes are: too tight packing or jamming between the impeller and the pump body by debris; the pump shaft, bearings, and the leakage reduction ring are rusted; the pump shaft is seriously bent. Remedy: Relax the packing and unclog the sink; disassemble the pump body to remove impurities and remove rust; remove the shaft calibration or replace the new pump shaft.

Supporting motor overheating

There are four reasons. The first is power supply reasons: the voltage is high or low. Under a specific load, if the voltage variation range should be +10% to -5% of the rated value, it will cause the motor to overheat; the three-phase voltage of the power supply is asymmetric, the power supply Three-phase electric voltage phase imbalance degree exceeds 5%, will lead the winding to overheat; lack of phase operation, experience shows that more than 85% of agricultural motor is burned down is caused by the lack of phase operation, the lack of phase protection device for the motor installation. The second is the reason of the pump: the use of power is not matched, the small horse-drawn cart, the motor is overloaded for a long time, and the motor temperature is too high; the motor that starts too frequently and the rating is a short time or intermittent work system continuously works. Limit the number of start-ups, use thermal protection correctly, and use the rated value on the motor. The third reason is the motor itself: incorrect connection method, incorrectly connecting △ shape into Y shape, causing the temperature of the motor to rise rapidly; the stator windings have phase-to-phase short circuits, interturn short circuits or partial grounding, and the motors are partially overheated when light, and the insulation is severe. Burnout; squirrel cage rotor broken or defective, the motor running for 1 to 2 hours, the core temperature rose rapidly; ventilation system failure, should check whether the fan is damaged, the rotation direction is correct, the ventilation hole is blocked; bearing wear, rotor Eccentric brooms cause the stator core to rub off metal impact sounds. The temperature of the iron core rises rapidly. In severe cases, the motor smokes and even the coil burns. Fourth, the cause of the work environment: the motor windings are damp or dust, oil, etc. adhere to the windings, resulting in reduced insulation. The insulation resistance of the motor should be measured and cleaned and dried; the ambient temperature is too high. When the ambient temperature exceeds 35°C, the inlet air temperature is high and the temperature of the motor will be too high. Therefore, the operating environment should be improved. Such as scaffolding shade and so on.

Special reminder: If there is a failure due to electrical reasons, an electrician who has obtained a professional qualification certificate is required to repair it. A person with little knowledge should not blindly repair it to prevent personal injury accidents.

Pump heating

Causes: Bearing damage; rolling bearing or bracket cover clearance is too small; pump shaft is bent or two axes do not center; tape is too tight; oil or oil is not good; balance hole in impeller is blocked, impeller loses balance, increased One side thrust. Remedy: replace the bearing; remove the back cover, install the gasket between the bracket and the bearing seat; investigate the pump shaft or adjust the concentricity of the two shafts; properly loosen the tightness of the tape; add clean butter, butter to occupy the bearing About 60% of the internal void; clear the blockage in the balance hole.

Insufficient traffic

This is because: the power speed is not matched or the belt slips, so that the speed is low; the installation angle of the axial pump blade is too small; the head is insufficient, the pipeline is too long or the pipeline has a right angle bend; the suction process is high; the bottom valve, pipeline And the impeller is partially blocked or the impeller is missing; the outlet pipe is seriously leaking. Remedy: Restore the rated speed, remove the belt grease, adjust the tightness of the belt; adjust the blade angle, reduce the installation position of the pump, shorten the pipeline or change the bending of the pipeline; seal the leakage of the pump, press the packing; clear the plug Things, replace the impeller; replace the leakage reduction ring and block the leak.

Can not suck on water

The reason is that there is air in the pump body or the product gas in the inlet pipe, or the bottom valve is closed and the water is not filled properly, the vacuum pump packing is seriously leaking, and the gate valve or flap door is not closed. Remedy: Press water first, fill the pump with water, and turn it on. At the same time, check whether the check valve is tight and whether there is any air leakage in the pipes and fittings. If air leakage is found, apply lubricant or paint to the joint after disassembly, and tighten the screws. Check the oil seal ring of the pump shaft. If it is worn out, replace it with a new one. The pipe leaks or leaks. The nuts may not be tightly tightened during installation. If the leakage is not serious, you can apply cement at the place where the air leaks or leaks, or apply cement paste mixed with asphalt oil. Temporary repairs may be coated with wet mud or soft soap. If there is water leakage at the joint, tighten the nut with a wrench. If it leaks badly, you must disassemble it and replace the cracked pipe. Reduce the head and press the pump nozzle into the water for 0.5m.

Vibrate violently

There are several main reasons: the unbalance of the electric rotor, the poor coupling, the wearing of the bearing, the looseness and rupture of the parts of the rotating parts, and the inability of the pipe support. Can be adjusted, repaired, reinforced, straightened, replaced, etc.