What is included in natural degradation?

There are various mechanisms for the destruction or loss of cyanide in the heap. These mechanisms include: bacteria, that is, the action of microorganisms; the action of air; the action of sunlight; and the action of the pile.

First, the role of microorganisms

Cyanide contains two basic life elements, carbon and nitrogen. These elements in cyanide are bonded by a high-energy, carbon-nitrogen bond, so cyanide is an ideal food for microorganisms. When cyanide is combined with oxygen, soda ash and trace amounts of phosphorus , the microorganisms can grow vigorously, and the cyanide destruction by the microorganisms is complete. Cyanide is oxidized to form CO ₂ or hydrocarbons, while nitrogen is converted to nitrogen or protein.

The biological treatment process can also remove thiocyanate, a free and metal complexed cyanide, metals and ammonia. Biodegradable products include sulfur, nitrogen and carbon.

Second, the role of air

Oxygen in the air is an effective oxidant for cyanide. This oxidation process must have a catalyst. Many compounds are effective catalysts, and sulfur oxide or sulfite ions have recently been used as catalysts. Materials have some activity, such as activated carbon, iron oxide, manganese oxide, clay (clay), zeolites, and active silica, it can also act as a catalyst. Some of the above compounds may be present in the heap leach or heap material. Cyanide reacts with air as

_{4NaCN + 50 2 + 2H 2 O} - 2N 2 + 4CO 2 + 4NaOH

Third, the role of sunlight

Sunlight also acts to catalyze the reaction of oxygen and cyanide, which is especially effective. When cyanide on the surface of the heap or cyanide is sprayed into the air, it can be oxidized with cyanide under exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Air Circulator

Air circulator moves the air in a room by circulating air . The turbo fan only flows the air in one direction. The Air circulators are best used in clean and dry commercial applications – they are portable and easily positioned wherever is needed.