Elbow Type: 45/90/180Elbow;Return Elbow
Standard: ASME/ANSI B16.9 ANSI/ASME B16.11 ANSI/ASME B16.28
BSEN10253-2 BS EN10253-4 DIN2605 -1 DIN2602-2 GOST 17375-01 GOST 30753-01 ,MSS-SP-75
Size:1/2''~48''(Seamless); 16''~80''(Welded)
Wall thickness: Sch5~Sch160\XXS
Manufacturing process: Hot expending ,pressed , etc.
Material:
Carbon steel:
FSGP PG370W PT370
HIGH YIELD STEEL FOR PIPELINE AND OFFSHORE FITTINGS
Stainless steel:
304/SUS304/UNS S30400/1.4301
304L/UNS S30403/1.4306;
304H/UNS S30409/1.4948;
309S/UNS S30908/1.4833
309H/UNS S30909;
310S/UNS S31008/1.4845;
310H/UNS S31009;
316/UNS S31600/1.4401;
316Ti/UNS S31635/1.4571;
316H/UNS S31609/1.4436;
316L/UNS S31603/1.4404;
316LN/UNS S31653;
317/UNS S31700;
317L/UNS S31703/1.4438;
321/UNS S32100/1.4541;
321H/UNS S32109;
347/UNS S34700/1.4550;
347H/UNS S34709/1.4912;
348/UNS S34800;
Alloy steel:
ASTM A234 WP5/WP9/WP11/WP12/WP22/WP91;
ASTM A860 WPHY42/WPHY52/WPHY60/WPHY65;
ASTM A420 WPL3/WPL6/WPL9;
Duplex steel
ASTM A182 F51/S31803/1.4462;
ASTM A182 F53/S2507/S32750/1.4401;
ASTM A182 F55/S32760/1.4501/Zeron 100;
2205/F60/S32205;
ASTM A182 F44/S31254/254SMO/1.4547;
17-4PH/S17400/1.4542/SUS630/AISI630;
F904L/NO8904/1.4539;
725LN/310MoLN/S31050/1.4466
253MA/S30815/1.4835;
Nickel alloy steel:
Alloy 200/Nickel 200/NO2200/2.4066/ASTM B366 WPN;
Alloy 201/Nickel 201/NO2201/2.4068/ASTM B366 WPNL;
Alloy 400/Monel 400/NO4400/NS111/2.4360/ASTM B366 WPNC;
Alloy K-500/Monel K-500/NO5500/2.475;
Alloy 600/Inconel 600/NO6600/NS333/2.4816;
Alloy 601/Inconel 601/NO6001/2.4851;
Alloy 625/Inconel 625/NO6625/NS336/2.4856;
Alloy 718/Inconel 718/NO7718/GH169/GH4169/2.4668;
Alloy 800/Incoloy 800/NO8800/1.4876;
Alloy 800H/Incoloy 800H/NO8810/1.4958;
Alloy 800HT/Incoloy 800HT/NO8811/1.4959;
Alloy 825/Incoloy 825/NO8825/2.4858/NS142;
Alloy 925/Incoloy 925/NO9925;
Hastelloy C/Alloy C/NO6003/2.4869/NS333;
Alloy C-276/Hastelloy C-276/N10276/2.4819;
Alloy C-4/Hastelloy C-4/NO6455/NS335/2.4610;
Alloy C-22/Hastelloy C-22/NO6022/2.4602;
Alloy C-2000/Hastelloy C-2000/NO6200/2.4675;
Alloy B/Hastelloy B/NS321/N10001;
Alloy B-2/Hastelloy B-2/N10665/NS322/2.4617;
Alloy B-3/Hastelloy B-3/N10675/2.4600;
Alloy X/Hastelloy X/NO6002/2.4665;
Alloy G-30/Hastelloy G-30/NO6030/2.4603;
Alloy X-750/Inconel X-750/NO7750/GH145/2.4669;
Alloy 20/Carpenter 20Cb3/NO8020/NS312/2.4660;
Alloy 31/NO8031/1.4562;
Alloy 901/NO9901/1.4898;
Incoloy 25-6Mo/NO8926/1.4529/Incoloy 926/Alloy 926;
Inconel 783/UNS R30783;
NAS 254NM/NO8367;
Monel 30C
Nimonic 80A/Nickel Alloy 80a/UNS N07080/NA20/2.4631/2.4952
Nimonic 263/NO7263
Nimonic 90/UNS NO7090;
Incoloy 907/GH907;
Nitronic 60/Alloy 218/UNS S21800
Seamless Elbow,Pipe Elbow,Carbon Steel Elbow,Steel Pipe Elbow He Bei GuangHao Pipe Fittings Co .,LTD (Cangzhou Sailing Steel Pipe Co., Ltd) , https://www.guanghaofitting.com
From the current situation, the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum is the best way to cure phosphogypsum pollution. According to incomplete statistics, the phosphogypsum left over from history in China has exceeded 100 million tons, and in 2009 China's phosphate fertilizer industry produced more than 50 million tons of new phosphogypsum. Although the utilization rate of phosphogypsum in China has been greatly increased, there is still a lot of phosphogypsum in urgent need of digestion. In order to understand the problems faced by the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, our reporter interviewed relevant experts of the China Phosphate Fertilizer Industry Association.
Because phosphogypsum contains harmful substances such as phosphorus pentoxide, fluorine, and free acid, any emissions will cause environmental pollution; setting up a yard will not only occupy more land, will have large investment, and will have high slag charging cost, but also require geological conditions for the storage yard. High, long-term accumulation can also cause surface water and groundwater pollution. Therefore, the large-scale comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum and the eradication of phosphogypsum pollution are imminent.
According to the latest statistical results of the China Phosphate Fertilizer Industry Association, the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum in China has now greatly increased, reaching 20%. However, the reporter learned from interviews that at present, there are still "three mountains" in the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, which is not strong in awareness of use, insufficient in support of policies, and imperfect production technology of phosphogypsum.
It is understood that the use of phosphogypsum in the preparation of building materials such as gypsum board has precedent, but the scope of promotion is not great. In recent years, with the increasing production of phosphate fertilizers in China, the increase in environmental protection external pressure has highlighted the problem of phosphogypsum treatment, and each year it has to pay high operating and maintenance costs, forcing companies to increase the subjective desire for comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum.
Wu Xiyan, chairman of the Phosphate Fertilizer Association, introduced that the Phosphatic Fertilizer Association regards the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum as an important work during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and guides enterprises to take into account the specific conditions of the region where they are located, making full use of the phosphogypsum-based building material products that have been successfully developed and cement retardation. Agents, subgrade curing agents, soil improvers, and co-production of sulfuric acid and other technologies have fundamentally solved the problem of phosphogypsum occupying land and polluting the environment, and set a target of 22% for the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum in the “11th Five-Year Plan†period. . It is understood that some of the current enterprises through the cooperation with building materials processing enterprises, the use of molded processing technology to consume phosphorus gypsum, and some self-built phosphogypsum comprehensive utilization projects, such as Guizhou Kaisuan Group gypsum brick and other representative projects have been formed.
However, Wu Xiyan also stressed that at present, there are still “three big mountains†in the market promotion of downstream products of phosphogypsum, which makes the pace of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum in China appear extremely heavy.
First of all, there is not enough support for national policies. According to Ye Xuedong, an engineer from the Phosphate Fertilizer Association, the country has already adopted policies to encourage the use of industrial waste as a building material, but it has always been dominated by fly ash, desulfurized gypsum and other power plant wastes. Phosphogypsum is still being “coldâ€. In the specific policies for the comprehensive utilization of resources and value-added tax of other products formulated by the State in 2008, cement additives were excluded from the specific building materials products in the specific building materials products in which the ratio of waste residue mixed into the production raw materials was not less than 30%. Enjoy a VAT exemption policy. However, the by-products of desulfurization of flue gas and high-sulfur natural gas generated from coal-fired power plants and various industrial enterprises (gypsum with a content of calcium sulfate dihydrate of not less than 85%) shall be subject to a VAT rebate of 50%. policy. In other words, under the same conditions, phosphogypsum and desulfurized gypsum enjoy different policies, which adds to the tax burden of cement additives made by phosphogypsum.
Followed by the downstream user's market is difficult to open. Without the support of national policies, downstream building material product manufacturers prefer to use more desulfurized gypsum in power plants when selecting raw materials. Ye Xuedong said that although in 2007, the country explicitly included phosphogypsum as one of the raw material options for construction gypsum, the downstream users still have concerns about the use of phosphogypsum. There is no active awareness of resource utilization, and the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum is still facing With great competitive pressure. In addition, building materials products have strong regional characteristics and require a reasonable range of sales. Phosphate fertilizer companies are mostly located in the mountainous areas and are more concentrated. The company's self-produced phosphogypsum building materials products also encountered logistics difficulties.
Again, the technology for building building materials products with phosphogypsum is not yet perfect. Ye Xuedong said that in recent years, various technologies for comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum have been promoted in China. For example, gypsum plasterboard, blocks, and gypsum powder for construction have been widely used in China. . However, in terms of pre-treatment and roasting of phosphogypsum, there are still defects such as difficulty in purification and high energy consumption, affecting the stability of product quality, and still need to be supplemented.
Not long ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology decided to set up an expert group for the comprehensive utilization of industrial by-product gypsum, drafted and formulated guidelines for the comprehensive utilization of industrial by-product gypsum, and promoted the comprehensive utilization of industrial by-product gypsum; from January 1, the national standard GB/ T23456-2009 "Phosphogypsum" officially began to implement; at present, the country is initially out of the clay brick market, providing a huge market space for phosphogypsum bricks and boards. The industry expects that these positive measures will bring good opportunities for the large-scale utilization of phosphogypsum.
.ASTM / ASME A234: WPB - WPC - WP1WP11 - WP12 - WP5 - WP22 - - WP91 CT20 09R2C
ASTM / ASME A/SA 420: WPL6 - WPL3EN 10216-2: P195GH - P235GH - P265GH-P355Nh
20MnNb6 - 16Mo3 - 8MoB5-4 - 14MoV6310CrMo5-5 - 13CrMo4-5 - 10CrMo9-10-15NiCuMoNb5-6-4 - X11CrMo5X11CrMo9-1 - X10CrMoVNb9-1X10CrWMoVNb9-2 - X20CrMoV11-1former BS-DIN-AFNOR equivalent grades)
ASTM A860 / MSS-SP75: WPHY 42WPHY 46 - WPHY 52 - WPHY 60-WPHY 65 - WPHY 70 grades
WPHY 80 only as per MSS-SP75 EN 10208-2: L245NB - L290NBL360NB - L415NB - L360QBL415QB - L450QB - L485QB - L555Q
The pollution of phosphogypsum must break through the "three levels"
According to the editor, the phosphogypsum piles are distributed around the phosphate fertilizer companies located in the mountainous regions of Yunnan and Guizhou, and they not only occupy a large area, but also cause long-term accumulation that can cause surface water and groundwater pollution and pose a great threat to the environment. As a country with the most abundant phosphorite resources, China's phosphogypsum treatment has become a difficult environmental issue associated with the development of phosphate fertilizers.