Soy industry breakthrough or will be fully mechanized

Soy industry breakthrough or will be fully mechanized

Why are domestic soybeans "smoothed and in trouble"?

In fact, soybean cultivation is an area that has always been highly valued in China, and it is also the focus of attention throughout the industry. China has always been one of the main producing areas of soybeans. Once upon a time, soybeans were also China's competitive agricultural products in the international market. Before 1995, China was a major exporter of soybeans. With the improvement of people's living standards and the increase of consumption power, China's demand for vegetable oils and animal feeds has increased rapidly, and the demand for domestic soybeans has also increased rapidly. China's soybean imports have increased since 1995, and suddenly expanded in 2000, from 4.32 million tons in 1999 to 10.42 million tons. Since then, China's soybean imports have increased in volume, which has also aroused widespread concern in public opinion. Some people in the industry shouted that “soybean imports harm China's soybean production and farmers' interests”, but in 2015, soybean imports reached 81.69 million tons, while in 2015 China's soybean production was only 12.15 million tons.

In fact, China's soybean industry is facing a crisis of “smoothed and troubled”: on the one hand, the foreign dependence of China's soybean market has exceeded 80%; on the other hand, in the terminal edible oil market, the market share of foreign brands has exceeded 40%. According to market data, China's soybean acreage in 2015 was 6.55 million hectares, down 31.7% from the 9.591 million hectares in 2005; the soybean planting area in Heilongjiang, the main producing area of ​​non-GM soybeans, which accounts for one-half of the national soybean production, has been reduced by 25 %, only 47.16 million mu, roughly the same as in 2014.

China's soybean industry is in trouble, and the reasons are nothing more than "external worries" and "internal problems." “External worry”, the large import of genetically modified soybeans has squeezed the market share of domestic soybeans. Mainly due to the control of China's soybean oil raw material market by international grain merchants, and cooperation with Chinese domestic edible oil processing enterprises in the form of shareholdings, to control the right to speak of soybean raw materials to a large extent; “internal problems”, corn seized soybean sowing area. Both corn and soybeans are dry crops, and the planting area has a competitive relationship. Due to the current low level of mechanized soybean production, large labor demand and poor returns, the soybean planting area is preempted by corn under the economic benefit.

In the face of the crisis, where is China's soybean road?

How to "save Chinese soybeans"? The reason for the analysis is that the comparative benefit of domestic soybeans is lower than that of soybeans, which are lower than that of soybeans, and also lower than that of imported soybeans. More important than finding problems is solving problems. Increasing the comparative benefits of domestic soybeans is the key. First, the state should continue to implement the policy of supporting domestic soybeans. In addition to the production process, the soybean subsidy policy should be considered from the aspects of acquisition, processing and circulation, covering the entire industrial chain. At the same time, soybean planting protection should be set up, and the soybean production areas mainly in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia should be designated as national non-GMO soybean protection areas, and non-GM soybean geography and species protection systems should be implemented. It is strictly forbidden to plant imported genetically modified soybean varieties; The second is to improve the mechanization level of soybean planting and harvesting, which has become another key area for China's agricultural machinery industry to develop in the future.

Accelerating the development of the soybean industry is an urgent task, and the series of support policies are intensively introduced.

The degree of the crisis determines the speed of response! In order to improve soybean production, quality and competitiveness, it is imperative to accelerate the development of the soybean industry. Since last year, the Ministry of Agriculture has actively introduced a series of policies to support soybean production. At the same time, the country's intention to reduce corn cultivation is also very obvious.

On November 2, 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the “Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture on the Adjustment of Corn Structure in the “Sickle Bend” Area”, and strived to reduce the corn planting area in the “Shovel Bend” area by more than 50 million mu by 2020.

On January 27, 2016, the No. 1 Document of the Central Government first proposed the production protection zones for agricultural products such as soybeans, cotton, oilseeds, and sugar cane, and optimized the agricultural production structure.

On March 28, 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission stated that in 2016, the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region will adjust the temporary corn storage and storage policy to a new mechanism of “market-based acquisition” and “subsidy”.

On April 1, 2016, the country announced the target price of soybeans in 2016 - 4,800 yuan / ton, unchanged from last year; but today, the country has not announced the target price of corn. Corn and soybeans are competing crops with the same sowing date. Obviously, the purpose of this move is also to guide farmers to a variety of soybeans and less corn.

More important than achievement is confidence! The orderly advancement of a number of market-oriented reforms will also reawaken the confidence of farmers in planting soybeans for many years.

Soy industry breakthrough or will be fully mechanized

Only the interests can drive the soul and promote the healthy development of the soybean industry. The key is to reduce production costs and increase profits. Drawing on the situation of foreign advanced agricultural developed countries and other domestic crops, the development of mechanization is undoubtedly an important choice for the soybean industry to break through. In foreign agricultural developed countries, not only the scale and intensification of land have been realized in soybean planting, but also mechanized operations have been realized. The production links such as sowing, land preparation, fertilization and weeding have begun to develop towards large-scale intelligence. They began to use satellite positioning systems to determine the plot and depth of the land preparation, the size of the planting, fertilizing, spraying, and harvesting time. The domestic situation is that mechanized production of soybeans has basically achieved mechanization of land preparation and sowing, but harvesting and mechanized weeds are still relatively backward. According to the actual situation of various places in China, strengthening the cooperation between enterprises and scientific research institutions, promoting technology development, actively carrying out demonstration and promotion, and effectively improving the mechanization level of soybean planting and harvesting are the key to improving the comparative benefits of China's soybeans and solving the crisis of China's soybean industry. .

The introduction of the new policy has brought new opportunities for the full mechanization of soybeans. In response to the trend, and taking advantage of the trend, the agricultural machinery production enterprises should seize the blue ocean field of soybean mechanization, strengthen product research and development and quality management, and improve the efficiency of agricultural machinery, as soon as possible to develop suitable regions of China. Soybean work tools to improve the efficiency of mechanized operation of soybean production and enhance the competitiveness of domestic soybeans. Driven by a series of favorable policies of the country, China's soybean industry has achieved breakthroughs or needs to be fully mechanized.

Conclusion

Take advantage of the situation, move with the momentum, and follow the trend. Grasping the opportunities brought about by the country's favorable policies, soybeans will be able to survive the crisis of the winter by the mechanization of the whole process, and usher in the rapid development of warm spring.

(Original title: "Soybean breakout" due to the trend or the need to leverage the whole process of mechanization)