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Reselection device selection application and calculation
Reselection more equipment types, must master the equipment performance when selected, sorted material properties, conditions (such as particle size; density, useful minerals and solutions gangue minerals from the case, quality, etc.) product quality and requirements of The device adaptability chosen because the reselection device is highly sensitive to the application conditions. Most re capacity selected from a computing device is no mature formula, when determining how many units, usually referring to the processing similar ores approximate condition when the table capacity or a fixed or determined by a single test according to unit time per unit area of the production capacity . These metrics along with the production capacity of the ore type, particle size, shape, slurry concentration, feed grade, product quality requirements and technological requirements and the like sorting products varies greatly changed.
1. Heavy medium concentrator
Dense medium separation process is adapted to set the coarse and fine disseminated disseminated ore, finely ground ore before discarding pre gangue or tailings low grade, is used as pre-operation, which can reduce production costs, reduce the capacity of the device And the quantity actually increases the production capacity of the re-election workshop and the selected grade of the next stage of operation, which can improve the beneficiation index. To improve the separation effect, the material before entering the dense medium separation subject to washing or sieving to remove the fine fraction, and should be prepared with a medium and purification and recovery system. And reference should be tested using similar production practices in order to determine the device before the dense medium separation. Commonly used heavy medium concentrators include: heavy medium vibration chute, heavy medium cyclone, heavy medium vortex sorter, drum sorter and conical sorter, see Table 1.
Table 1 Suitable granular separation and application characteristics of heavy medium concentrator
Device name
Sorting size / mm
Application characteristics
Vibrating chute
75~6
Adapted preselected operations, selected from Fe, Mn ore discarded with stone and surrounding rock, should have a certain pressure (294 ~ 412kPa) undersize water was added, a large consumption decline, sorting hematite ore with water close 1t 1t water
Eddy current sorter
35~2
Suitable for pre-selection operation, the upper limit of the selected upper particle size is large, the coarse-grain weighting medium can be easily recycled, and the heavy medium cyclone has large processing capacity.
Heavy medium cyclone
20~2
Suitable for pre-selection operation, the sorting precision is higher than other heavy medium concentrators, and the density difference between mineral and gangue can be sorted small (0.2~0.3t/m3), but the inner wall wears faster, and the heavy medium cyclone is divided. Cone and double cone structure
Effect sorting machine
100~6
Suitable for pre-selection operations, selected upper limit granularity
Cone sorter
50~6
Suitable for pre-selection operations, selected upper limit granularity
Second, the jig
Jig is widely used in selected coal, tungsten, tin, sand gold ore, iron ore, manganese ore and non-gold and so on. Jig type. More, the most widely used in China is the diaphragm jig, which is divided into upper-moving type, lower-moving type and vertical side-moving type according to the position of the diaphragm. The shape of the jib room is divided into rectangular, trapezoidal and circular. The suitable sorting granularity and application characteristics of the jig are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Suitable sorting granularity and application characteristics of the jig
Device name
Sorting size / mm
Application characteristics
Side-by-side diaphragm jig
12~0.1
Only 300min × 450mm specifications, the total jigging screen area is 0.27m2, used for rough selection and selection, the enrichment is relatively high, the stroke coefficient is large, and the bed layer is loose.
Lateral diaphragm rectangular jig
12~0.1
Flexible configuration, single row, double column, series connection
Reverberation jig
12~0.1
The diaphragm is placed under the screen to reduce the floor space, the lower cone moves, and the lower mine discharges smoothly.
Round jig (LTA1000/2 lower cone jig)
6~0.1
The total area of ​​the jigging room is large, the production capacity is large, the width of the mine end is small, and the width of the tail end is large, which is conducive to the recovery of fine grain, the zigzag jigging curve, and the large-scale gold mining ship has more applications, but it is not easy to feed the mine. Uniform
Guangdong I type jig
6~0.1
The diaphragm is placed in the middle of two jigging chambers, which are lateral moving inner diaphragms. Type A is used for rough selection, Type B is used for rough selection, Type C is used for rough selection, Type C is used for selection, suitable for low grade sand ore, but equipment maintenance, replacement parts inconvenient
Trapezoidal jig
5~0.074
The mine end is narrow and the tail end is wide, which is good for fine particle recovery.
Rectangular large jigging
50~10
The treatment volume is large, the natural bed layer, the sieve upper and the lower sieve combined discharge concentrate, the accuracy of the ore separation is not as good as that of the heavy medium.
When designing a jig, you must pay attention to the following problems:
(1) The particle size range of the materials to be treated and the dissociation of useful mineral monomers should be fully understood.
(2) When the content of heavy sand is too much, the difficulty of jigging will be increased, and the treatment volume and concentrate amount will be seriously affected. Heavy sand smaller than the size of the mesh hole leads to difficulty in sorting the next step; the more heavy sand in the bed than the size of the mesh hole, the more the power is added to the bed , resulting in insufficient power of the water drum and the “dead bedâ€. Only the parking clears the upper layer of the sieve. With the price component, the jig can work effectively, resulting in lower equipment operating rate and labor intensity.
(3) Minimize the particle size of the jig selected material.
(4) When the area of ​​the jigging room is large, the stroke coefficient is small, and the power of the additional water drum is insufficient and uneven, the bed layer will not be effectively loosened, and the “slab knot†will appear, which will not function as a jigging. The manufacturer makes a request or takes compensation measures to overcome it.
(5) Before the material into the jig, containing primary sludge or secondary sludge content must be suitably subjected to fractionation and desliming, help to improve the separation effect, the design should increase when more Desliming job.
(6) The specified pressure and sufficient water volume of the jig should be ensured, especially during the dry season. While minimizing the amount of the water-containing clay, in particular upstream dredging rivers, constant pressure tank should be used more effectively with both sludge sedimentation, can more easily remove silt measures.
(7) Pay attention to the selection and determination of conditions such as particle size and density of artificial bed stone.
Third, the shaker
The shaker is a widely used re-election equipment for sorting fine-grained materials. It can produce high-grade concentrates and abandoned tailings and intermediate mineral products at one time. According to the different particle size of the treated material, it can be divided into coarse sand (2~0.074mm) shaker, fine sand (0.5~0.074mm) shaker and slime (0.074~0.02mm) shaker, the difference is on the bed surface. The height (or depth) of the bed (or groove) and the shape of the section. According to the different conditions of the bed, it is divided into a tin shaker, a CC-2 shaker, a spring shaker and a 6-s shaker. These shakers have a small processing area per unit area and occupy a large area of ​​the plant. In order to increase the capacity of the station and reduce the plant area, some re-election plants currently use a tin six-layer mud shaker, which can recover 74~19μm grain size. Heavy minerals can be doubled in capacity compared to single-layer equivalent bed specifications. However, it must be noted during design. Even if the ore size is the same, the stroke and the stroke are similar, and the difference in the capacity of the shaker table for the different types and grades of materials is also great. Therefore, the capacity of the shaker should generally be determined according to the production practice data or test of the treated ore, and the formula (1) can only be used as a rough calculation.
Where qy - shaker handling capacity, t / h;
Ï, Ï1, Ï2 - the density of ore, heavy minerals, gangue, g/cm3;
Dav - the average particle size of the selected material, mm;
A——the ratio of the length to the width of the bed surface is the most suitable for the bed area, m2.
Formula (1) is suitable for coarse ore mining operations, while the selection operation is 40%~50% lower than the actual treatment volume, and the medium mine re-election operation is 20%~40% lower than the actual. See Table 3 for reference data on the ability of different types of shakers to process materials of different sizes.
Table 3 Reference data of different types of shaker for processing different particle size materials
Shaker
Types of
Application
Feeding size / mm
Unit throughput /t·d -1
Feed concentration /%
Application characteristics
Yunxi
Shaker
Sand mining system:
First stage shaker
2~0.074
25
25~30
Such shaker surface is painted with lacquer, anti-corrosion, anti-wear, flat surface, not easy to deform, and convenient for partial repair. The washing capacity of the washing system of the rewashing system is reduced by 50% compared with the data on the left side, and the concentration of the ore is similar.
Second stage shaker
0.5~0.074
20
20~25
Third stage shaker
0.2~0.074
15
15~20
Rough shaker
0.074~0.037
5~7
15
spring
Shaker
Guangxi Second Mine
-0.074mm accounts for 80%
6.5
10~15
The bed structure is simple, easy to manufacture, light in weight, low in cost, low in power consumption, high in installation accuracy, difficult to adjust, and louder.
-0.074mm accounted for 90%
6
10~15
-0.074mm accounts for 80%
9.6
10~15
Note: The throughput is 1 shaker. [next]
Fourth, slip
(a) spiral concentrator and spiral chute
The yellow features of these two devices are simple structure, reliable operation, small floor space and large unit processing capacity. The spiral concentrator is suitable for sorting particle size 2~0.1mm; the spiral groove cross section of the spiral chute is cubic parabola type, the bottom inclination angle of the groove is smaller than the bottom inclination angle of the spiral selection machine, slightly wider and gentle, suitable for sorting 0.6~0.05mm Fine material. The ratio of diameter to diameter is generally 0.5~0.6, and the proper increase of pitch is beneficial to sorting fine-grained materials, which is beneficial to coarse-grained materials. The number of spiral turns is 4~6. The specifications are indicated by the outer diameter of the spiral. The specifications of the spiral concentrator are Ñ„600, Ñ„800, Ñ„1000, Ñ„200mm. The specifications of the spiral chute are Ñ„600, Ñ„900 and Ñ„1200. The spiral chute also needs to give the pitch value. The processing capacity of the spiral concentrator and spiral chute can be calculated according to equation (2).
Where q - the amount of processing, t / h;
R——the ratio of ore to slurry;
Ρ——ore density, t/m3;
Dav - the average diameter of the ore particles, mm;
n - the number of spiral heads, to save the floor space n can take 2 ~ 4.
When designing the spiral concentrator and spiral chute, the diameter, groove cross-sectional shape, pitch, factor and other parameters are reasonably determined. When the diameter is more than 1000mm, it is generally selected as 2~1mm coarse material. When the diameter is less than 1000mm, it is generally selected as 1~0.05mm material.
In the production practice, the spiral chute has LL type spiral chute. The trough body is made of FRP fiber, made of reinforced resin, small in quality, high in strength, accurate in shape, moisture proof, rust proof and anticorrosive. The specifications are ф600, ф900, ф1200, pitch 720mm. TT-12 rotary spiral chute, with grooved wedge-shaped rubber lining in the groove, the sorting index is better than spiral chute and spiral concentrator, the specifications are ф600min×360mm, ф600min×339mm.
(2) Belt chute
The belt chute is a kind of slime selection equipment successfully developed in China in the early 1960s. The pulp and washing water are fed to the belt surface through the uniform plate, and the flow layer needs to be kept thin and stable. The heavy mineral deposits on the belt surface are unloaded from the first wheel with the belt rotation, and the light mineral flows downward with the ore flow. The effective recovery of the particle size lower limit is 19~10μm, which is used for the tungsten tin ore fine operation, and the production capacity is low, one 1000min×3000mm The belt chute handling capacity is only 1 t / h. There is also a movable chute with ribbed strips for processing gold-bearing sand mines. It was successfully developed in the early 1980s in China. It is applied on gold mining vessels and is suitable for rough selection. The maximum grain size can reach 12~16mm, 800min×5000mm specifications. The time capacity can reach 6m3.
(three) cross flow belt chute
The cross-flow belt chute uses the principle of shear film to promote loose and stratified granularity, and effectively recovers the particle size of 0.1~0.01mm. It can produce a variety of products at the same time. The enrichment is relatively high, and the production capacity is higher than that of the belt chute. It is a more advanced mine. Mud re-election equipment. The equipment is mostly used to treat cloud tin oxide vein tin mud, the equipment has XZH1200×2750, and the daily capacity is 3~4.5t.
(4) Cone concentrator
The conical concentrator is a fan-shaped chute that is modified to eliminate the sidewall effect of the fan-shaped chute. The basic unit of the conical concentrator is an inverted cone made of glass fiber reinforced from a circumferential center. It can be assembled into a single-layer cone or a double-layer cone. The latter is a double-layered cone-selective surface that increases the throughput of the equipment. The double layer is used for rough selection and the single layer is used for selection. Depending on the nature of the ore and the quality requirements of the product, the double-layer cone and the single-layer cone can be superimposed into a multi-stage selection unit. The rough selection, selection and sweeping can be completed continuously on the same unit. Cone concentrators can also be combined by several units to increase productivity, such as 4DS (symbol representation: 4 - unit number, D -. double layer, S - single layer), DSS type. The equipment is a suitable first-class equipment for seashore sand mines, and the sorting granularity is generally 2~0.04mm. Its specifications are expressed in cone diameter. Currently, the specifications of Ñ„2000, Ñ„2150 and Ñ„2080mm are used in production.
(5) Centrifugal concentrator
Centrifugal concentrator is a successful ore dressing equipment developed in China in the early 1960s. The suitable material size is -0.074mm, and the effective recovery particle size is 0.074~0.010mm. The horizontal centrifugal concentrator has two kinds of rotating drums, namely a single rotating drum and a double rotating drum, and the taper taper has a single taper and a double taper. At present, China's tungsten, tin and hematite are used, there are two specifications, namely ф800 × ф1600 × 900mm. The equipment cannot be operated continuously, consumes a large amount of water, and requires high water pressure and uniform feeding.
(6) Flaming belt chute
It is a fine mud selection equipment with comprehensive movement. The upper limit of particle size of recycled material is 0.2mm, the lower limit is 0.01mm, the effective particle size is 0.074~0.02mm, and there are three kinds of bandwidth, namely 600, 800, 1200mm, and its processing capacity is low, such as The specification is 800×2600mm and the daily capacity is only 1t.
When designing and selecting the processing equipment for processing fine-grained materials, attention should be paid to strengthening the slag-removing measures of the entire feeding system, the slurry is evenly distributed, and the ore concentration and the ore flow volume are stable.