Known as the magical material of graphene once it was set off by the research boom, just a few years, one of the breakthroughs come one after another, people a bit dazzling, graphene products have emerged, the road of industrialization also revealed the dawn, from the daily Of mobile phones, computers to electric cars and high-end medical will be injected graphene's name, we have to grasp this new technological revolution. Recently, two reports on "graphene" have aroused widespread concern. First, the United Kingdom is determined to build a leading graphene research center in the world. The first one is that the Chongqing Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has signed a contract with a Shanghai company to jointly promote large- Graphene industrialization project. " From these two news, we can understand that the research and application of such wonderful materials as graphene have taken a new stage. So what is the current state of graphene development? With what mature product? How far away from "carbon age" to replace silicon material? Outstanding electrical properties of graphene set off a storm of electronic products Liaoning Daily: Professor Qu Hello, Britain is determined to build the world's leading graphene research center, other countries are outdone, right? Qu Liang: In recent years, the international graphene set off a wave of research, 2010 Nobel Prize winner in physics is to prove the objective existence of graphene two British physicists, with this good "resource", the British prepared Once again integrate forces to seek a breakthrough, while trying to make graphene products into the production line and the market in the next few decades. The United States, the European Union, Japan, South Korea and so on are also on the graphene, "force" and vigorously promote their graphene technology and its application research. From 2007 to 2012, there were nearly 200 projects funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) for graphene, EuroGRAPHENE was launched by the European Science Foundation (ESF) in June 2009, and EU 2011 May launched the Graphene Flagship project. The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry's ultra-light and highly-innovative fusion materials project implemented by the low-carbon society in 2011 mainly supports the batch synthesis of carbon nanotubes and graphene. Liaoning Daily: Graphene attention, with its superior performance, we understand it, mainly it is light and thin, but also has excellent conductivity, thermal conductivity, please tell us. Good body: graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms closely linked to the formation of a stable hexagonal basic lattice unit, so it is a two-dimensional planar like material, only a considerable thickness of carbon atoms, very thin, so Structure also determines its "quantum tunneling" electrons in which "pass" rate of conventional semiconductor silicon material several times to one hundred times, and can be done at room temperature, its thermal conductivity is also excellent. Liaoning Daily: Today's world can be said that the electronic (product) of the world, and our lives are closely related to each other, and electronic products are based on silicon materials, graphene is considered to replace silicon, so would be a What effect? Qu Liang-body: the computer is widely used to make it bear the increasing amount of information, information processing requirements are getting higher and higher, Moore's Law pointed out that the computer's computing speed doubled every 18 months, which makes the computer chip The integrated level is higher and higher, the number of transistors on a chip is more and more, the size of each transistor must be smaller and smaller, and the silicon materials commonly used in transistors are basically close to the limit and can not be smaller any more. So if there is a Materials can reach the nano-level and have good conductivity, then it will certainly become a "star", graphene is one such material, graphene conductor electron velocity reaches 1/300 speed of light, heat production is small, Cooling is also fast, can become a new generation of semiconductor materials, triggering a "replacement" storm. Liaoning Daily: Graphene transistor chip is currently produced? Good body: has been developed, which is the focus of research institutes and well-known chip companies in various countries research, IBM is currently leading in this regard, has developed a cut-off frequency of hundreds of GHZ graphene transistor chips, and can achieve graphite The combination of alkene and silicon material, that is to say, has laid the groundwork for lifting on the silicon material chip rather than completely abandoning the existing, mature silicon material technology. If the computer uses such a chip, the frequency rises quite easily, at present, the working speed of the silicon device has reached the gigahertz range, and the graphene device made of the computer can run at terahertz, that is, 1000 gigahertz Times If you can further develop, its significance is self-evident. The current problem is that such a device can not yet be produced on a large scale and at high quality because the process technology still has problems to overcome, including the preparation of high quality, large area graphene. Functional breakthroughs into the key industrialization has revealed the dawn Liaoning Daily: As reported at the end of February, the Chongqing Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences officially signed a contract with a Shanghai company to jointly promote the "large-area single-layer graphene industrialization project" and strive to build the first production line and put into operation within a year, forming 10 million Large-area single-layer graphene production capacity. This is not to say that graphene has been applied on a large scale? Qu good body: for now, the first point of application of graphene materials to the market may be transparent conductive film products, the touch screen is the most typical one. The existing working layer of the touch screen of the mobile phone is made of an inorganic material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, which is expensive and fragile. If the graphene is used as the material of the transparent electrode of the touch screen, not only the cost is reduced, Become "soft", can achieve a certain degree of folding, easy to carry, and very thin, transparent, non-toxic. Today's mobile phones, tablet PCs and others are the most closely related electronic products, so the industrialization prospect is vast. Although the ideal application of graphene is still a chopper, but after all, has opened a good head for industrialization, of great significance. As technology matures, the industrialization of graphene will promote the material industry and create new economic growth points. Liaoning Daily: The industrial production of single-layer graphene, and most of the various appliances are three-dimensional, then the graphene in the application of graphene sheet together is it? How to ensure that it functions properly? Good body: This is a key issue. The application of graphene is faced with how to integrate the original graphene monoliths and obtain corresponding functions, that is, functionalization problems, such as graphene sheets with high chemical stability, hardly soluble in water and common organic solvents, which Graphene further difficulties for the application, so by means of modification and compound make it workable, the formation of multi-series, multi-purpose graphene raw materials, expanding applications, such as it made of fiber, processed into fabric , Fabric, can achieve radiation protection, antistatic; also can be made into ultra-light three-dimensional foam structure, due to the gap between the layers, so the density is very low, light enough to place on the dandelion without affecting it, while having Super-absorbent properties, so that after the function can be achieved "soft and gentle, just to just": soft words, can be made of lightweight cables, capacitors and other flexible devices and a variety of fabrics, and just, Is the application of its high-strength side, made of construction support materials instead of steel and other metal materials to build light houses, tents and so on. < 1 2 >
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