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The R&D and promotion of automatic transmissions is to promote the formation of a “national teamâ€; to encourage the introduction of technology, internal and external integration, or to continue to suffer from the market’s monopoly of foreign companies? This is a problem.
The auto industry revitalization plan issued by the State Council at the beginning of this year clearly stated: “In the next three years, 10 billion yuan will be allocated in the new central government investment as a special fund for technological advancement and technological transformation, with a focus on supporting automotive manufacturers to upgrade their products and improve energy conservation and environmental protection. , safety and other key technical levels; develop key assembly products that fill gaps in the country; build common technology development and inspection platforms for automobiles and parts; develop new energy vehicles and special parts and components.â€
In the recently announced major technological transformation projects, commercial vehicle automatic transmission (AMT) is impressively listed.
China AMT started
Whether it is the AT (automatic transmission) or AMT, the automatic transmission market of commercial vehicles in China is almost monopolized by three foreign companies, ZF, Allison and Eaton, and the industrialization of domestic related products has only emerged in 2008.
"China's AMT is just starting. AMT is the trend of commercial vehicle development and application in the future." Wang Shengtang, secretary-general of the China Gear Professional Association, told the "Commercial Automotive News" reporter: "There are many situations in which automatic transmissions are used in buses and the application conditions are relatively In contrast, due to various factors such as overload, complex road conditions, etc., AMT only stays in the small-scale trial phase in the truck sector.In the commercial vehicle field, the country chooses AMT, but does not choose the higher manufacturing cost of AT. Considering the domestic market's economic acceptance of automatic transmissions, we also hope to break the monopoly of foreign investment products through domestic independent R&D."
At the end of 2008, it was the first domestic dispute over the assembly of autonomous AMT heavy trucks between the liberation of FAW and CNHTC. In December 2008, FAW liberated 5 heavy-duty trucks with self-developed AMTs for delivery to users. A week later, at Sinotruk's 2009 business conference, Sinotruk launched a high-profile launch of the HOWO A7 heavy-duty truck equipped with an automatic transmission, and announced that Sinotruk and WABCO co-developed the "Steamcraft Smart Autotronics" 16-block power transmission. Control transmission enters volume production stage. For a time, whether domestic heavy trucks have entered the AMT era is in full swing.
In contrast, there are many cases of passenger cars equipped with automatic transmissions. The low-floor buses purchased by Beijing Public Transport mostly use automatic transmission products from foreign companies such as ZF.
“We have been developing research and development of automatic transmissions together with domestic research institutes and universities for six or seven years. Although AMT automatic transmission products are now ready for production, there are still some problems in the promotion of industrialization. Some new energy buses that serve the Beijing Olympic Games have been assembled. Our 3-speed automatic transmission, but under the premise that the technology has not been completely overcome, there is a great market risk for the automatic transmission to be widely used in domestic passenger cars.The domestic transmission manufacturers have just started in the research and development of automatic transmissions. The general manager of Qijiang Gear Transmission Co., Ltd. told Zhiheng to reporters.
The choice of road
“The state’s decision to vigorously promote the independent research and development of automatic transmissions for commercial vehicles by domestic companies is correct. Commercial vehicle automatic transmissions have always been a blank in the domestic transmission field, and domestic research institutions and institutions of higher learning have conducted many years of research and exploration. Domestic enterprises have a certain basis in the development and production of commercial vehicle automatic transmissions, but they have not yet reached the stage of commercialization. Now the state clearly proposes automatic transmissions for commercial vehicles in technological transformation projects, which gives enterprises a clear signal. Commercial vehicle automatic transmission is a development trend, and the application of automatic transmission will also promote the upgrading of commercial vehicles in China, said Li Dakai, chairman of Shaanxi Fast Group.
For domestic transmission manufacturers how to achieve commercial vehicle automatic transmission research and development and industrialization promotion? There are several different development paths in the industry.
One idea is to establish a "national team." "Since 2008, some domestic transmission enterprises, complete vehicle manufacturers and related component suppliers have proposed to establish an alliance of production, learning, and research innovation involving enterprises, research institutes, and universities to jointly develop automatic transmissions. With the national encouragement for the automatic transmission research and development policy, this kind of large coalition may form - through independent research and development, to overcome the core technical problems, thereby breaking the monopoly of foreign-funded enterprises for automatic transmissions and their core technologies." Wang Shengtang said.
“Whether it is independent innovation or joint development of automatic transmissions with foreign institutions, as long as we can take the road of R&D and production of automatic transmissions for commercial vehicles in China, it is good,†said Li Dakai. At present, in the research and development of commercial vehicle automatic transmissions, domestic companies generally choose to cooperate with foreign agencies. This is the second line of development of automatic transmissions for commercial vehicles in China. “In the process of Fast's development of commercial vehicle automatic transmissions, both the independent R&D routes from universities such as Jilin University and Chongqing University and the routes jointly developed with foreign institutions are now available. Now, automatic transmissions created by both routes have entered. In the second half of the year, after weighing the actual test results of the two sets of products, we will bring more mature products to the market, said Li Dakai.
"The cooperation between Sinotruk and WABCO is a typical example of the automatic transmission used by domestic companies and foreign institutions." A person familiar with the domestic transmission market pointed out: "It is understood that China National Heavy Duty Truck plans to operate in its transmission plant and Datong Gear Factory has developed 12-speed, 10-speed, and 9-speed automatic transmissions for trucks and 6-speed automatic transmissions for passenger cars. These products will all be independently developed by China National Heavy Duty Truck and may not be subject to the participation of WABCO."
The first cooperation with foreign institutions in research and development, and then absorb and take the road of independent innovation, this may be a way for Chinese companies to be more willing to choose, but also easier to achieve automatic transmission R & D and production. "China National Heavy Duty Truck Co., Ltd. cooperated with WABCO to develop a 16-speed automatic transmission. The sales volume of 16-speed automatic transmissions is not large. Why is China National Heavy Duty Truck doing this? This is because the 16-speed automatic transmission is the most difficult for technological research and development and production. The technical requirements are the highest.Achieve a breakthrough in the technology of 16-speed automatic transmission, and then extend the product to the 12th, 10th, 6th and other automatic transmissions, the technical difficulty is much smaller, China National Heavy Duty Truck can achieve independent design and development, This will bring more automatic transmission products to market,†said the market source.
The third line is to establish joint ventures with foreign companies. To Zhiheng said that Cangfang developed an automatic transmission for commercial vehicles that is trying on three routes. First, dental caries are jointly developed with domestic universities and scientific research institutes. Second, dental caries signed a cooperation framework agreement with a domestic vehicle manufacturer and a key automatic technology supplier for foreign automatic transmissions to prepare joint research, development, and production of automatic transmissions; finally, caries ZF's joint-venture negotiations are in progress. Once the joint venture is established, it is possible to directly use ZF's technology for production.
Confidence and concern of foreign companies
No matter how high the enthusiasm of domestic transmission companies for the development of commercial vehicle automatic transmissions, and whether domestic automatic transmissions will have a strong impact on foreign products, the performance of foreign-funded enterprises is extremely calm and confident.
"Our products are developed through market competition, and the technology is very mature. Even if the domestic automatic transmissions are produced and put on the market, we must have a process that is subject to the test of the market. In the competition, our products still have certain The advantage of the company.†said Liao Liheng, general manager of ZF Transmission Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.: “If domestic companies want to make automatic transmissions, they cannot rely on policy support. They must start from the market and improve and develop through full market competition. It takes a long time to explore the product."
In fact, foreign-funded enterprises enjoying "monopoly and high profits" are also not worried.
“The market competition of automatic transmissions is fierce. In the global market, probably only three companies, ZF, Allison and Eaton, are active in the automatic transmission market for commercial vehicles. This is not because three companies are The absolute monopoly, but the market for automatic transmissions for commercial vehicles is limited, and many of the companies involved are unable to support them because they cannot achieve sufficient sales, and they withdraw from the competition. Now the competition among the three foreign companies is fierce. Sales are also pushing down each other's prices, for more orders." Liao Liheng said: "If more automatic transmission manufacturers to join the competition, product profits may continue to be squeezed."
An industry source pointed out: "Although foreign companies have mature technologies to support, as long as the Chinese-made automatic transmission to the market, it is bound to affect the sales of these foreign-funded enterprises. Low-cost EGR engine has been holding high pressure Bosch and other companies with common rail technology have lowered prices, and the vigorous development of domestic automatic transmissions will also allow foreign companies to adjust product prices and development strategies in China with the market situation."