Chinese scientists for the first time realized Heisenberg's quantum precision measurement

The reporter learned from the China University of Science and Technology that the academician Guo Guangcan’s team has made important progress in the direction of quantum precision measurement recently. Team members Li Chuanfeng and Chen Geng and others have designed and implemented a brand new method of quantum weak measurement that implements the Heisenberg limit. Accurate single-photon Kerr effect measurement. This is the first work in the world to achieve the ultimate accuracy of Heisenberg in actual measurement tasks, and the number of photons available is up to 100,000. International authoritative academic journal Nature Communications recently published the results.

Quantum precision measurement is an important direction of quantum information science. It aims to use quantum resources and effects to achieve measurement accuracy beyond the classical methods. An important previous discovery in this field was the use of multiphoton entanglement as a probe to achieve Heisenberg's ultimate precision optical phase measurement. However, because it is difficult to prepare an entangled state with a number of photons greater than 10 in experiments, this method can, in principle, demonstrate the possibility of exceeding the standard quantum limit, but it does not have the actual measurement capability.

Recently, the research team of Li Chuanfeng innovative ideas, redesigned the standard measurement program, they combined the preparation of mixed state probes and measurement of imaginary weak value technology, experimentally successfully reached the ultimate accuracy of Heisenberg, and can be used to measure a single photon The Kerr effect induced in commercial photonic crystal fibers. This method does not require the use of quantum resources such as entanglement, and the probes used are derived from conventional laser pulses, thereby freeing up the limitation of the number of photons. In the experiment, the research team used a laser pulse containing about 100,000 photons to measure the single-photon Kerr coefficient of a commercial photonic crystal fiber with an accuracy of 10-10 radians, two orders of magnitude higher than the highest accuracy measured by the classical method. .

According to reports, the research results demonstrate the technical advantages of quantum precision measurement. The utilization of photons in the experiment is about 16%. Next, the research team will explore in depth how to improve photon utilization.


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