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A Brief Analysis of the Development Process and Future Development Direction of Agricultural Mechanization in China
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Agricultural mechanization development is an important part of agricultural modernization. China's agricultural mechanization development is compatible with social economy and market requirements. Different historical stages will show different levels of development, but with the pace of agricultural modernization. Accelerate, the future development direction of China's agricultural machinery will also change and tilt. The following is a brief introduction to the history of China's agricultural machinery development and the future development direction.
A Brief Analysis of the Development Process and Future Development Direction of Agricultural Mechanization in China
The development process of agricultural machinery in China
The primitive period : the simple agricultural tools of the primitive society marked the origin of China's agricultural machinery, and were recorded in ancient books such as Qi Min Yao Shu and Jing Jing.耒耜 —— An early arable land tool, appeared in the Neolithic Age of China (about 5,000 BC - 3000 BC). Developed to the 13th century BC, it has a cattle-plowing head. With the development of ancient agriculture, iron and wooden tools have been widely used in agricultural cultivation, harvesting, production and processing in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in the 3rd century BC. The basic principles of some primitive social agricultural tools are still used in some agricultural machinery.
Jianguo 1949-1980: Under the guidance of the policies and guidelines for agricultural mechanization of the central and local governments, a relatively complete set of agricultural machinery support service system from the central to the local has been formed. The peasants' enthusiasm for the application of agricultural machinery has been mobilized. Getting up and actively participating in the initial construction of agricultural machinery has made basic progress in China's agricultural machinery. These include a number of early agricultural machinery manufacturing backbone enterprises such as tractor manufacturing plant, Tianjin tractor manufacturing plant and Anshan Hongqi tractor factory.
1981-1995: The main body of land management rights became the farmers themselves with the implementation of the household contract responsibility system. As the state's support and preferential treatment on agricultural machinery is slowly decreasing, the development of agricultural machinery has entered a temporary “danceâ€. In 1983, relevant policies were introduced to encourage farmers to purchase and use agricultural machinery to change this situation. Since then, the development of agricultural machinery has been on the right track. According to the characteristics of farmers' ability to purchase and operate agricultural machinery at that time and the miniaturization of agricultural machinery applications, the production mode of agricultural machinery has been focused on, focusing on the production of small-scale and widely used agricultural machinery. Therefore, this type of agricultural machinery is obtained in this process. A certain development.
1996-2003: Beginning in the mid-1990s, with the development of urbanization, the phenomenon of “into the city†appeared in the countryside, and a large amount of labor began to shift to the city, resulting in a seasonal shortage of rural labor. In order to improve such situations, in 1996, the Ministry of Agriculture and other ministries decided to start large-scale cross-regional mechanical harvesting of wheat. Under the guidance of the market, agricultural machinery roads with Chinese characteristics have been formed.
Since 2004: This process began with the Agricultural Mechanization Promotion Law promulgated in 2004. This milestone has played a major role in promoting and guaranteeing agricultural mechanization. A series of legal guarantees have fundamentally promoted the development of agricultural machinery, accelerated the process of agricultural modernization, and had a profound impact on the process of socialist construction. The development direction of China's agricultural machinery The rapid development of agricultural machinery in China has achieved certain results in the past period. With the trend of rural land circulation, large-scale operation and mechanized operation, the development direction of agricultural machinery will also change. Combined with market demand, China's agricultural machinery is developing in the direction of intelligence, environmental protection, comfort, convenience, personality and specificity, which is an inevitable choice.
Future development direction - development towards energy conservation and environmental protection
All along, China's agricultural machinery adopts a high-input and extensive production mode, relying on traditional design methods to obtain low production efficiency with high energy and resource consumption, and at the same time causing certain damage to the environment. In the future, agricultural machinery will increase its energy-saving and energy-saving design, develop toward low-energy and environmental protection, improve production efficiency, reduce the cost of use, and achieve comprehensive and sustainable development of agriculture. To the development of intelligent development 2 agricultural machinery development technology will present the following characteristics: horsepower system will transform to infinitely variable speed, to achieve a more stable driving; GPS positioning technology in agricultural machinery applications, will enable agriculture to achieve navigation operations, positioning; "Internet + The modern agricultural machinery model uses the Internet big data platform to guide the innovation of intelligent agricultural machinery technology and equipment with information technology. To the comfortable and convenient development 3 In the operation of agricultural machinery, the labor intensity is relatively large, and the driver is relatively tired. With the development of agricultural machinery, farmers pay more attention to their comfort while paying attention to their production efficiency. In this regard, China has had a preliminary exploration. China's one-wheeled large-wheel trailer has increased the advanced shifting system and humanized design while ensuring the efficiency of the operation. It has brought visitors a comfortable driving experience at the 2013 International Agricultural Machinery Expo and won the “New Product Awardâ€. Development of individuality and specificity 4 There are various agricultural machinery products on the market, but most of them are similar in structure and single in function. Nowadays, the “Dora Run†of agricultural machinery is no longer the only standard chosen by farmers. The personality and specificity of agricultural machinery are equally important. For example, the production and transportation of different agricultural products such as vegetables and poultry, agricultural operations in different geographical areas such as mountains and plateaus, and the agricultural machinery required. Future agricultural machinery must be designed and developed in terms of the user's scope of use, usage habits and geography.