Experts urge the car to drink biofuels

At the end of the year, a debate on air quality prompted the relevant authorities to agree to gradually include PM2.5 into the monitoring scope. Professor Li Shizhong, deputy director of the Institute of New Energy Technology of the Nuclear Research Institute of Tsinghua University and executive director of the China-U.S. Joint Research Center for Biofuels, said in an interview recently that the use of biofuels can reduce emissions of particulate matter by 90%. Therefore, improving air quality is not only necessary, but also The elimination of old motor vehicles, demonstration of the promotion of electric vehicles, and the use of biofuels are equally promising.

Particulate matter in the air of the city, especially PM2.5 which is extremely harmful to the human body, mainly comes from automobile exhaust. Therefore, controlling the emission of particulate pollutants is the key. Gasoline and diesel are all complex mixtures, and there are a lot of impurities or other substances generated when burning. Compounds such as polycyclic hydrocarbons and organic compounds such as nitrates and ammonium ions tend to form particulate matter in automotive exhaust. Li Shizhong pointed out that in 1998 there were 1.31 million motor vehicles in Beijing, and PM2.5 and PM2.5 emissions were 3,359 tons and 2,694 tons respectively. Based on this rough estimate, 5 million vehicles in Beijing in 2011 will emit 12,820 tons of PM10 and 10,282 tons of PM2.5 and at least 20 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, the traffic sector is the main battlefield for the management of hazy weather in Beijing. At present, the main treatment measures are to improve fuel quality (ie, octane number), or to make a fuss about exhaust gas treatment. If Beijing buses use ethanol and biogas, they can reduce 300 tons of particulate matter, 3,000 tons of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and 1.2 million tons of CO2 per year.

Li Shizhong stated that using biofuels such as ethanol and biogas can both reduce oil consumption and reduce haze. Biofuels contain oxygen, particularly fuel ethanol, which has an octane number as high as 110, while gasoline is only 85 to 100, so the former is more fully burned, which can greatly reduce exhaust particulate emissions. He said that there have been successful cases abroad. In Stockholm, Sweden, all ethanol and biogas buses were used in 2010. Among them, 500 were ethanol vehicles and 131 were biogas vehicles, accounting for 31% of the total number of buses. The annual consumption of diesel was reduced by 15,600 tons, and CO2 emissions reduction was 245,100 tons. 5 tons, 11.45 tons of particulate matter. At present, the PM10 monitoring value in Stockholm air is 28 μg/m3, and the PM2.5 monitoring value is 10.8 μg/m3.

It is understood that China's biofuel production technology has been relatively mature. Tsinghua University's sweet sorghum stalk fermentation ethanol production technology successfully completed the demonstration. If 30 million mu of silage corn were planted into sweet sorghum, while ensuring cattle feed supply, it can also produce 10 million tons of ethanol and 2 million tons of glutinous rice to ensure energy. , food and feed safety.