Analysis of Advantages and Restrictions of the Development of China's Mold Industry

Preferential policies provide a good environment for the mold industry. Under the guidance of national industrial policies and related supporting policies, in recent years, many local governments have successively introduced some preferential policies to support the development of the local mold industry. Some of them have appeared in the documents and some have seen them in action. They have all been received. effective. At the same time, the rapid development of the mold industry has also contributed to the prosperity of the local economy. With the increasing frequency of exchanges between regions, it is believed that the development of a favorable policy for the development of the mold industry and the resulting good development environment will be further developed.

The internal system reform and mechanism transformation of the mold industry has accelerated, the industrial structure has become more rational, and management has been strengthened and the level has been improved. In order to adapt to the situation, China’s mold industry has accelerated the pace of system reform and mechanism conversion in recent years. “Three foreign capitals” and private enterprises have occupied the dominant position in the industry. Equipment and product levels have been greatly improved, and management has made great progress. . Many companies have applied CAD/CAM/CAE integration technologies, 3D design technologies, information management technologies such as ERP and IM3, and many high technologies such as high-speed processing, rapid prototyping, virtual simulation, and network technology. Many companies have proposed "production. Professionalization, product branding, enterprise modernization, market internationalization, and other corporate development strategies. Companies that have passed various quality system certifications are more than a year.

The economies of scale produce benefits, and the production of mold clusters has developed rapidly. While the specialization of “small and sophisticated” has continued to develop, the scale effect has been increasingly emphasized in recent years. In addition to making the company bigger and bigger and making economies of scale more profitable, the mold cluster production continues to show its superiority. As a result, various mold production forms such as “Mold City”, “Mold Park”, and “Mold Production Base” are in the country. Rapid development. According to many companies, cluster production has at least the following advantages compared to decentralized production: the market is wider, collaboration is more convenient, production costs are reduced, exchanges are much more, and preferential policies are enjoyed. At present, there are more than 40 enterprises that have an annual output of more than 100 million yuan and more than 200 enterprises with more than 30 million yuan. There are nearly 10 "mold cities" with a certain scale, and they are under construction or under construction. There are more than a dozen. The construction of these mold gathering and production bases has played a positive role in promoting the development of China's mold industry.

Many companies began to realize the importance of “brand” and “patent”, and the capital investment and capability of independent innovation continued to increase. For a long time, the mold has always been in the "rear" and "passive" status, so there are few "brands" and "patents." With the development of market economy, in recent years, companies have paid more and more attention to "brand" and "patent." Some companies have realized the importance of innovation and R&D, and their input has increased rapidly. According to the situation learned by the China Die and Mould Industry Association, in recent years, the ratio of investment and sales revenue of many companies in innovative R&D has reached about 5%, and individual companies have even reached 8% to 10%.

The technical content of molds has been continuously improved, and more and more high-tech products have become molds. It is understood that there are four kinds of molds that have been listed by the relevant state departments in the "China's High-tech Products Export Catalogue". In fact, many molds have exceeded the technical content of these four kinds of molds, such as automotive parts into the mold, precision multi-position progressive mold, car large-scale complex cover stamping die, automatic automotive interior parts pouring mold, high strength Plate hot pressing molds. With the development of high and new technology, more and more mold manufacturing enterprises have been recognized as high-tech enterprises by relevant government departments at all levels. According to preliminary statistics from the China Modular Association, there are currently seven state-level high-tech enterprises in the mold industry, and nearly a hundred provincial and municipal high-tech enterprises have already been established. The trend of the transfer of international mold capital to China is very clear, and the outlook for mold exports is very good. Because China's molds, especially medium- and low-grade molds, have large price advantages in the international market, some molds even cost only a fraction of the international market, plus China’s cheaper labor resources and better quality. Due to the technological foundation and infrastructure facilities, foreign investment in China's mold industry has increased over the past year, and more and more multinational companies have purchased molds in China.

Unfavorable factors Although China's mold industry has entered the fast track of development, due to its accuracy, longevity, manufacturing cycle and capability, compared with international standards and industrial advanced countries, there is still a big gap, so it can not meet the development of China's manufacturing industry. Demand. Especially in the precision, large-scale, complex, long-life mold, still in short supply. Therefore, a large amount of imports are still needed each year.

At the present stage, the prices of raw materials for moulds and personnel wages have continued to rise, but the prices of moulds have not risen. This has led to a continuous decline in the profits of mould enterprises and some companies have suffered losses and increased losses. According to the China Die and Mould Industry Association's survey of 270 major mold manufacturing enterprises in the country, the profit rate of output value in 2005 decreased by 2.1 percentage points from the previous year, and the profit rate of sales revenue dropped by 3.1 percentage points from the previous year. The annual loss of enterprises above designated size in the country reached 260 million yuan in 2005, a substantial increase. This trend continues.

The dependence on foreign capital has increased year by year. Six years after China’s accession to the WTO, foreign trade developed rapidly. The dependence of China’s economy on foreign trade rose from 30% to 70%. At the same time, in recent years, it was during the period when foreign capital entered China in large numbers. With the continuous expansion and deepening of the policy of opening up to the outside world, foreign investment in China's mold industry has also increased, and the dependence on foreign capital has also increased year by year. For example, Guangdong Province is the largest mold province in China and its production capacity accounts for about 40% of the country. Among the mold production capacity in the province, foreign-funded enterprises account for about 60%, and joint ventures account for about 10%. The province's mold exports account for about 50% of the country's total, and exports from foreign companies and joint ventures also account for the majority of its exports. Reliance on foreign investment and foreign trade will have a major impact on the safety of the industry and even the economic security of the entire country.

The shortage of talent has become increasingly prominent. Although the rapid development of the workforce in China's mold industry in recent years, it is estimated that it has reached nearly one million people, but it still can not keep up with the development needs of the industry. First, the total amount is insufficient, and second, the quality is not enough to meet the needs of the development of the industry. According to relevant information, there are about 300,000 to 500,000 employees in the mold industry in the country, of whom about 20% are engineers and technicians. What is currently in short supply is high-quality and high-level mold enterprise management personnel, middle- and high-level technical personnel and senior skilled workers.

Increased market competition. The competition in China's mold market is constantly increasing, and its performance is that mold product prices have been decreasing year after year. The middle and high-end mold market is mainly focused on the competition between China's key enterprises and foreign companies and domestic "three-funded" enterprises. The middle and low-end mold market is dominated by competition among private enterprises. Some are already in an unordered state and have reached the point of disrupting the normal market order. The low quality that must be caused by too low prices has severely affected the survival of some companies and forced some enterprises to adjust their positioning at an accelerated pace. It is not surprising that a small number of companies are facing the situation that they are eliminated. Although the increase in mold exports in recent years is greater than the increase in imports, the absolute increase is still greater than the export of imports, resulting in mold foreign trade deficit year after year. The increase in foreign trade deficits in molds has two main reasons: First, the sustained and rapid development of the national economy, especially the rapid development of automobile companies has brought about a strong demand for molds. Some high-grade molds cannot be produced at home and have to be imported, but there are also some Molds that can be produced in China are also imported. This is related to China's current tariff policy and project approval system. The second is the lack of encouragement for export of molds.

At present, the scale of global manufacturing transfer has been continuously increasing, and the speed has been accelerating. It is also extending to the depth and breadth, and China's mold manufacturing industry is the ideal place to undertake transfer. In addition to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the country will continue to vigorously support the development of China's mold industry. Under multiple favorable conditions, the future of China's mold industry will show a beautiful scene.